现代韩国语的兼类现象与索绪尔的语言学思想  

The Multi-Category Issue of Modern Korean and Saussure’s Linguistic Thoughts

作　　者：王礼亮[1] 林文燕 雷思慧 Wang Liliang;Lin Wenyan;Lei Sihui(Sichuan International Studies University,Chongqing,400031;Jiangxi Normal University,330022)

机构地区：[1]四川外国语大学,重庆400031 [2]江西师范大学国际教育院,南昌330022

出　　处：《东疆学刊》2020年第4期111-117,128,共8页Dongjiang Journal

摘　　要：基于“韩国《新国语词典(第五版)》词类标注数据库”的建设成果,并通过与现代汉语、英语兼类数量及类型的对比,可以发现现代韩国语的兼类数量及兼类类型与现代汉语和英语存在较大差异。鉴于此,通过双层词类范畴化理论指导下的兼类现象对比分析后发现,这主要是由于韩国语的黏着语特性——助词与词尾的发达使得社群语言层面词库中的概括词在言语层面特定句子中所行使的功能受到严重制约,从而导致兼类数量少、类型单一。虽然如此,但这同样反映了索绪尔的“组合与聚合”这一语言学思想。Based on the construction of“The Part-of-speech Tagging Database of The New Korean Dictionary(Fifth Edition)”and the comparison of multi-category words’number and types among Korean,modern Chinese and English,it is obvious that multi-category words in modern Korean is different from modern Chinese and English in the aspects of both number and type.In view of this,the comparative analysis of the multi-category issue under the guidance of two-level word class categorization model shows that this phenomenon is mainly caused by the characteristics of Korean language as an agglutinating language—the development of auxiliary words and suffixes.Such characteristics limits the function of generalized words of community language in parole;thus,there are less multi-category words in Korean and their types are also few.Even though,these features of multi-category words in modern Korean also reflects of the“syntagmatic relation and paradigmatic relation”in Saussure’s thought.

关 键 词：现代韩国语 兼类现象 索绪尔 组合与聚合 

分 类 号：H219[语言文字—少数民族语言]