感通与解味  

Resonation-Empathy and Interpretation of Taste

作　　者：蔡祥元[1] CAI Xiang-yuan

机构地区：[1]山东大学儒学高等研究院,山东济南250100

出　　处：《周易研究》2020年第4期28-34,112,共8页Studies of Zhouyi

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目:“德里达与海德格尔解构思想比较研究”(16BZX065)。

摘　　要：宋儒"玩味"的读经法中包含了一种深刻的诠释学思想。贡华南通过辨析"义""味",提出了解义、解味两种不同的诠释法,并以此区分魏晋和宋儒解经法的特点。他进一步指出,解味说的关键在于把握文本的"价值意味",而不是文本的"客观义理"。这一解读误解了言象意之间的逻辑关系,也没有看到魏晋的解经实践超出了对文本客观义理的把握。更关键的是,将所解之"味"确定为"价值意味",偏离了其义味之辨的初衷,没有彰显味觉之"味"的身体性维度。重新审视宋儒读经法可以发现,解味的实质是"切身体察",里面包含了一种让身体参与到文本理解中的诠释学思想。这一参与的过程,可以称为感通。《易经》咸卦所展示的感通之象,表明感通原本包含了身体性参与的维度。从感通的角度重新确定解味说的内涵,亦与宋儒"身心一如"的思想底蕴一脉相承。The method of wan wei(lit.,rumination of taste)in reading classics embraced by the Song(960-1279)Neo-Confucians conceives a deep hermeneutic idea.Through analyzing and discriminating yi(meaning)and wei(taste),Gong Huanan set forth two different hermeneutics of interpretation of“meanings”and that of“taste”,by which he also distinguished the characteristics of the Wei-Jin(220-420)scholars’hermeneutics from that of the Song Neo-Confucians.He further pointed out that the crux for the interpretation of taste lies in the grasp of the text’s“idea-and-taste of value”rather than its“objective meaning and principle”.This point of view actually misunderstood the logical relationship between language,image,and idea,and did not recognize that Wei-Jin scholars’practice in interpreting the classics overstepped the mastery of the text’s objective meaning and principle.More crucially,his identification of“taste”as“idea-and-taste of value”deviated from his original intention to discriminate meaning from taste,and did not highlight the somatic dimension of the sense of taste.Reexamination of the Song Neo-Confucians’method in reading the classics can enable us to find that the essence of their rumination of tastes lies in“experience and observation in person”,which includes a hermeneutic idea letting body participate in the understanding of the text.This course of participation can be called gan tong(resonation-empathy).The image of resonation-empathy manifested by hexagram Xian[■,Influence,31]indicates that gan tong originally contains the dimension of somatic participation.The redetermination of the connotations of the rumination of taste from the perspective of gan tong is consistent with the Song Neo-Confucian idea of“unity of body and heart-mind”.

关 键 词：玩味 解义 解味 感通 

分 类 号：B244.99[哲学宗教—中国哲学]