“欧洲经济主权与技术主权”的战略内涵分析  

A Structured Analysis on the Strategic Implications of the European Economic Sovereignty and Technological Sovereignty

作　　者：忻华 XIN Hua

机构地区：[1]上海外国语大学欧盟研究中心 [2]上海交通大学国家战略研究中心

出　　处：《欧洲研究》2020年第4期1-29,I0003,共30页Chinese Journal of European Studies

基　　金：上海市哲社规划中青班专项课题(项目编号:2012FGJ001);上海市教委“阳光计划”项目(项目编号:102YG06)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：面对当前经济全球化和欧洲一体化受挫的形势,冯德莱恩领导的欧盟委员会希望增强欧盟的主体性和领导力,为此要持续推进“欧洲经济主权与技术主权”的建设,将其作为新一届欧委会的施政重心之一。“欧洲经济主权与技术主权”的构想源于对“欧洲战略自主”概念的延伸与阐发,其理论基础是传统的地缘政治理论、“经济与技术民族主义”观点和“干预主义”模式;具体内容以产业政策为核心,涵盖贸易、投资、金融、全球治理、战略安全和经济外交等领域;政策抓手是“战略性价值链”。欧盟新领导层的这一构想凸显出地缘战略的“大局观”和“对外竞争力焦虑”,蕴含了决策者对经济全球化的危机、中美欧三边竞争的变局以及欧洲工商界利益集团诉求的战略考量,同时也将面临政治逻辑与经济理性、欧洲一体化的推进速度与欧盟权力的构建深度之间的两难困境。“欧洲经济主权与技术主权”的构建将会强化欧盟对华负面态度,推动其减少对华经济“依赖”,进而加剧中欧双边竞争。Confronted with all the drawbacks in the economic globalization and European integration,the European Commission with von der Leyen as the new President determines to strengthen the EU’s status as a major player in the world,for which it strives to build up the“European Economic Sovereignty and Technological Sovereignty”as part of its core missions.Constructed through an elaborative extension of the concept of“European Strategic Autonomy”,these two“sovereignties”find their theoretical origins in the traditional geopolitical schools of thought,the ideas of“economic and technological nationalism”,and the governance model of“interventionism”,whose specific connotations have been outlined by a wide range of policies,with the“strategic value chains”as the policy toolkit.The new EU leadership’s ideas on these two“sovereignties”not only reflect its perceptions on the“big picture”of geopolitics and its anxiety about Europe’s global competitiveness,but also frame its thorough calculations over the crises of globalization,the fluidity of the China-US-EU trilateral strategic competitions,as well as the requests from the European business interests.However,it will be inevitably dragged into two dilemmas:one is between the political logic and economic rationality whereas the other is between the speed of European integration and the depth of the EU’s powers.The buildup of these two“sovereignties”will reinforce the EU’s negative attitudes towards China and intensify the EU-China competition.

关 键 词：“欧洲经济主权与技术主权” 欧盟产业政策 中美欧 竞争 中欧关系 

分 类 号：F27[经济管理—企业管理]