左旋肉碱对低温条件下肉鸡生长性能、器官重量及腹水敏感性的影响  

Effects of L-carnitine on growth performance,organ weight and ascites sensitivity of broilers at low temperature

作　　者：张红凤 赵静 ZHANG Hongfeng;ZHAO Jing(Agricultural and rural Bureau of Changli County,Changli,Hebei Province 066600,China)

机构地区：[1]昌黎县农业农村局,河北昌黎066600

出　　处：《中国饲料》2020年第18期39-42,共4页China Feed

摘　　要：本研究旨在探讨低温饲养条件下左旋肉碱对不同日龄肉鸡生长性能、器官重量、血液生化指标和腹水易感性的影响。试验选择1日龄肉仔鸡620只,根据体重随机分为2组,每组5个重复,每个重复62只。对照组饲喂基础日粮,处理组在基础日粮中添加80 mg/kg的L-肉碱,试验共开展42 d。结果:肉鸡在1~21 d的日增重及1~21 d和21~42 d的平均日采食量不受日粮肉碱添加水平的影响(P>0.05),但肉碱组显著降低了21~42 d的平均日采食量(P<0.05),同时肉鸡补充左旋肉碱显著降低了21~42 d肉鸡腹水导致的死亡率(P<0.05)。日粮添加肉碱显著降低了42 d肉鸡肝脏、35 d肺和21 d心脏的相对重量(P<0.05),肉碱组较对照组显著降低了42 d肉鸡血液红细胞数量、血红蛋白含量和血细胞比容(P<0.05)。日粮添加肉碱显著提高了42 d肉鸡肝脏谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和超氧化物歧化酶活性(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,肉碱组显著降低了血清葡萄糖和尿酸含量(P<0.05),显著提高了血清球蛋白和总蛋白含量(P<0.05)。结论:日粮中添加左旋肉碱可降低器官指数、红细胞数和血细胞比容,从而降低腹水易感性,同时也可增加肝脏抗氧化能力,保护肝细胞免受脂质过氧化损伤,改善葡萄糖氧化代谢。The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of L-carnitine on growth performance,organ weight,blood biochemical parameters and ascites susceptibility of broilers at different age.A total of 6201-day old broilers were selected and randomly divided into 2 groups according to body weight.Each group had 5 replicates with 62 broilers.The control group was fed the basic diet,and the treatment group was fed the basic diet with 80 mg/kg L-carnitine.The experiment was carried out for 42 days.Results:the daily weight gain of broilers at 1~21 d and the average daily feed intake at 1~21 d and 21~42 d were not affected by the dietary carnitine addition level(P>,0.05),but the carnitine group significantly reduced the average daily feed intake at 21~42 d(P<0.05),and L-carnitine supplementation in broilers significantly reduced the mortality caused by ascites in broilers at 21~42 d(P<0.05).The addition of carnitine to the diet significantly reduced the relative weight of liver,lung and heart of broilers on day 42,day 35 and day 21(P<0.05),and the number of red blood cells,hemoglobin content and blood volume of broilers on day 42 were significantly decreased in the carnitine group compared with the control group(P<0.05).Dietary carnitine significantly increased glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activity in liver of 42-day broilers(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the carnitine group significantly reduced the serum glucose and uric acid content(P<0.05),and significantly increased the serum globulin and total protein content(P<0.05).Conclusion:the addition of L-carnitine in the diet can reduce the organ index,red blood cell count and hematocrit,so as to reduce the susceptibility to ascites.Meanwhile,it can also increase the antioxidant capacity of liver,protect liver cells from lipid peroxidation damage,and improve glucose oxidation metabolism.

关 键 词：肉碱 肉鸡 生长性能 腹水敏感性 

分 类 号：S816.7[农业科学—饲料科学]