劳动给付不能时工资支付风险负担规则的反思——以新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情防控常态化为背景  

Reflections on the Rule of Risk Burden of Wage Payment when Payment for Labor Fails--Under the Background of Normalization of COVID-19 Pandemic Prevention and Control

作　　者：丁皖婧 DING Wanjing(School of Law,China University ofLabor Relations,Beijing 100048)

机构地区：[1]中国劳动关系学院法学院,北京100048

出　　处：《中国劳动关系学院学报》2020年第5期79-86,108,共9页Journal of China University of Labor Relations

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“多元协作参与下动态平衡的劳动关系协商协调体系研究”(项目编号:18BFX193)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：疫情防控常态化背景下,企业可能会随时面临因防控措施导致的停工停产。这种劳动合同履行过程中既不可归责于劳动者也不可归责于企业的劳动给付不能,构成劳动合同的履行不能。研究认为,依据传统私法和劳动法的规则和理念,企业相较于劳动者具有较强的风险承担能力,应当承担继续支付工资的风险。但从宏观经济发展的角度来看,对于停工停产的企业来说,持续支付工资无疑是雪上加霜。全球疫情防控背景下,大部分国家通过社会保险制度的功能来分担企业的风险,通过社会保险补足劳动者的物质需求以达到保障就业的最终目的。研究的结论如下:我国应反思劳动法在应对疫情时的制度短板,在疫情防控常态化的背景之下,从劳资协商、劳动关系履行和稳岗就业三个层面来应对疫情带来的持续危机。Under the current background of normalization of pandemic prevention and control, companies may face suspension of production due to pandemic prevention and control measures at any time. This kind of labor contract performance is neither attributable to the worker nor to the company’s inability to pay for labor, which constitutes the inability to perform the labor contract. Results of the study showed enterprises have stronger risk-bearing ability than workers and should bear the risk of continuing to pay wages according to the rules and concepts of traditional private law and labor law. However, from the perspective of macroeconomic development, continuous payment of wages is undoubtedly worse for companies that suspend the work and production. In the context of global pandemic prevention and control, most countries share the risks of enterprises through the function of social insurance systems, and supplement the material needs of workers through social insurance to achieve the ultimate goal of ensuring employment. The conclusions of the study indicate that first, our country should reflect on the shortcomings of the labor law in response to the pandemic. Second, under the current background of normalization of COVID-19 pandemic prevention and control, we should deal with the ongoing crisis brought about by the pandemic from the following three aspects of labor consultation, labor relations, and stable employment.

关 键 词：疫情 劳动合同 工资支付 风险 社会法 

分 类 号：DF47[政治法律—民商法学]