1949—2019年中国自然地理学与生存环境应用研究进展  

Progress of applied research of physical geography and living environment in China from 1949 to 2019

作　　者：陈发虎 吴绍洪 崔鹏[2,3,6] 蔡运龙[7] 张镱锂 尹云鹤[4,5] 刘国彬[8] 欧阳竹 马巍[9] 杨林生[3,4,5] 吴铎 雷加强[11] 张国友 邹学勇 陈晓清[2,6] 谈明洪[3,4,5] 王训明[3,4] 包安明[11] 程维新[4] 党小虎 韦炳干[4,5] 王国梁 王五一[4,5] 张兴权 刘晓晨[2,15] 李生宇[11] CHEN Fahu;WU Shaohong;CUI Peng;CAI Yunlong;ZHANG Yili;YIN Yunhe;LIU Guobin;OUYANG Zhu;MA Wei;YANG Linsheng;WU Duo;LEI Jiaqiang;ZHANG Guoyou;ZOU Xueyong;CHEN Xiaoqing;TAN Minghong;WANG Xunming;BAO Anming;CHENG Weixin;DANG Xiaohu;WEI Binggan;WANG Guoliang;WANG Wuyi;ZHANG Xingquan;LIU Xiaochen;LI Shengyu(Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology,Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research,CAS,Beiing 100101,China;Centre for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences,CAS,Bejing 100101,China;School of Resourece and Environment,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Bejjing 100190,China;Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China;Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Monitoring,CAS,Beijing 100101,China;Chengdu Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment,CAS,Chengdu 610041,China;College of Urban and Environmental Sciences,Peking University,Bejing 100871,China;State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau,Northwest Agriculture and Forest University,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi,China;Northwest Institute of Ecological and Environmental Resources,CAS,Lanzhou 730000,China;Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems(Ministry of Education),College of Earth and Environmental Sciences,Lanzhou University,L anzhou 730000,China;Xinjing Institute of Ecology and Geography,CAS,Urumqi 830011,China;Geographical Society of China,Beijing 100101,China;Faculty of Geographical Sciences,Bejing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;College of Geology and Environment,Xi'an University of Science and Technology,Xian 710054,China;Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院青藏高原研究所高寒生态重点实验室,北京100KH [2]中国科学院青藏高原地球科学卓越创新中心,北京100101 [3]中国科学院大学资源环境学院,北京100190 [4]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [5]中国科学院陆地表层格局与模拟重点实验室,北京100101 [6]中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,成都610041 [7]北京大学城市与环境学院,北京100871 [8]西北农林科技大学黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,杨凌712100 [9]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,兰州730000 [10]兰州大学资源环境学院西部环境教育部重点实验室,兰州730000 [11]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,乌鲁木齐830011 [12]中国地理学会,北京100101 [13]北京师范大学地理科学学部,北京100875 [14]西安科技大学地质与环境学院,西安710054 [15]中国科学院青藏高原研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《地理学报》2020年第9期1799-1830,共32页Acta Geographica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41530749,41842050)。

摘　　要：自然地理学是一门以基础研究见长的自然科学,其研究对象是与人类生存和发展密切相关的自然环境。中国的自然环境复杂多样,自然地理学家根据国家需求和区域发展在应用基础和应用研究方面同样取得显著成效,为国家重大经济建设、社会发展的规划,宏观生态系统与资源环境保护及区域可持续发展做出了重要贡献。本文总结了1949—2019年中国自然地理学在自然环境区域差异与自然区划、土地利用与覆被变化、自然灾害致灾因子和风险防控、荒漠化过程与防治、黄淮海中低产田改造、冻土区工程建设、地球化学元素异常和地方病防治、自然地理要素定位观测、地理空间分异性识别和地理探测器等方面的实践与应用,指出了未来自然地理学的应用研究方向。Physical geography is a basic discipline of natural science. Since its research object is the natural environment, it is closely related to human survival and development. China’s natural environment is complex and diverse;therefore, according to national demand and regional development needs, physical geographers have also made remarkable achievements in applied foundation and application, making important contributions to the planning of national major economic construction and social development, protection of macro-ecosystem and resources and environment, and regional sustainable development. This paper summarizes the practice and application of physical geography in China in the last 70 years(1949-2019),differences between the natural environment and natural zoning, land use/cover change, natural disasters and risk prevention and control, the process of desertification and its administration,lower-yield field transformation of Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, engineering construction of permafrost areas, geochemical element abnormity and endemic disease prevention and control,positioning observation of natural geographical factors, geographical spatial heterogeneity identification, and geographical detector. Finally, it proposes the future application research directions of physical geography.

关 键 词：自然地理学 科学实践 应用研究 区域发展 国家战略 

分 类 号：P90[天文地球—自然地理学]