污水生物处理工艺低温下微生物种群结构  

Microbial Community Structure for Sewage Wastewater Treatment Plants in Winter

作　　者：尚越飞 王申[3] 宗倪 杜海洲 张鑫 齐嵘[1,2] 杨敏 SHANG Yue-fei;WANG Shen;ZONG Ni;DU Hai-zhou;ZHANG Xin;QI Rong;YANG Min(State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Beijing Drainage Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100044,China;Zhangjiakou Xishan Wastewater Treatment Co.,Ltd.,Zhangjiakou 076250,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生态环境研究中心环境水质学国家重点实验室,北京100085 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]北京城市排水集团有限责任公司,北京100044 [4]张家口西山污水处理有限责任公司,张家口076250

出　　处：《环境科学》2020年第10期4636-4643,共8页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2017ZX07102004-002)。

摘　　要：构建有针对性的运行控制策略是我国城市污水生物处理工艺冬季低水温条件下高效稳定运行的重要保证.以我国北方低温期(8~15℃)稳定运行的4个典型污水生物处理工艺为对象,利用高通量测序方法系统解析了活性污泥中的微生物群落及碳、氮、磷去除等关键功能种群结构,阐明了重要功能种群在低温影响下的动态变化及与污染物去除性能间关系,为控制策略的有效建立提供了坚实的科学数据基础.尽管存在着不同工艺形式,但结果表明低温期活性污泥均具有较为良好的种群丰富度,其中放线菌门(Actinobacteria)在低温期优势地位提升;关键功能种群中硝化种属Nitrosomonas受温度影响较大,而作为核心种群的反硝化种属则因分布广泛及多样性高,整体丰度受温度变化影响较小,工艺的反硝化性能仅与回流比具有相关性;Tetrasphaera在4个工艺中广泛存在但仅在厌氧/好氧交替条件下承担主要除磷功能;低温下4个工艺中多种丝状菌优势生长并诱发污泥膨胀,但对出水水质影响较小.Constructing an effective control strategy for the daily operation of sewage treatment plants daily operation is an important criterion for the removal performances of nutrient stable in winter.To investigate microbial community structure,functional groups,and relationships between population dynamics and effluent variation,activated sludge obtained from 4 plants,which were running stably in a low temperature period(8-15℃)in northern China,were sampled.The high-throughput sequencing results indicated that the microbial community had good richness in the low temperature period during which the abundance of Actinobacteria increased.Nitrosomonas,a key functional ammonia oxidation bacterium,was greatly affected by the decreasing temperature,while Denitrifies,a highly diverse core group with wide distribution,maintained stable abundance indicating less influence of decreasing temperature.The denitrification efficiency was only associated with the mixed liquor reflux ratio.Tetrasphaera was widely present in four processes and played an important role for the removal of biological phosphorus.Sludge bulking phenomena caused by filamentous bacteria overgrowth occurred frequently in winter;however the quality of effluents was slightly influenced.

关 键 词：低温 群落结构 脱氮除磷 污泥膨胀 功能菌属 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X703