猪粪发酵菌株的筛选、评价及发酵模式优化  

Screening and Evaluation of Pig Fermentation Strains and Optimization of Fermentation Mode

作　　者：夏昊钧 叶文杰 许崇翔 张晨慧 肖建中[1] 郑强[1] XIA Haojun;YE Wenjie;XU Chongxiang;ZHANG Chenhui;XIAO Jianzhong;ZHENG Qiang(Faculty of Ecology,Lishui University,Lishui 323000,Zhejiang)

机构地区：[1]丽水学院生态学院,浙江丽水323000

出　　处：《丽水学院学报》2020年第5期42-49,共8页Journal of Lishui University

基　　金：浙江省重点研发计划项目“畜禽养殖粪污资源化利用关键技术研发及应用”(2018C02031)。

摘　　要：发酵床养殖模式是一种能将畜禽粪污资源化利用的新型养殖模式,维持发酵床稳定运行的关键是发酵菌种。对66株实验室保存菌株进行筛选,得到4株能高效转化氨的菌株。臭气释放量测定实验表明:4株菌对氨气的释放均有明显的抑制作用,其中枯草X1的抑制效果最佳,与不添加菌株的对照相比,氨气的释放量减少了51.22%;4株菌种仅猪粪F2与枯草X1对硫化氢的释放起到了一定的抑制作用,其释放量分别减少了19.63%和14.56%。3种发酵床垫料的评测实验则表明,木屑、谷壳、椰壳屑的加入均能够进一步有效地抑制氨气的释放量,24d的发酵过程中谷壳组氨气释放量减少了86.48%。此外,还探索了基于气泡石的发酵模式,与常规模式相比,其氨气和硫化氢释放量分别减少64.09%和23.12%。Fermentation bed is a new type of culture model which can make use of livestock manure resource. The key to maintain its stable operation is fermentation strain. Four strains which can transform ammonia efficiently were screened from 66 strains preserved in the laboratory. The test of odor emission showed that the four strains had obvious inhibition on ammonia emission, among which the inhibition effect of withered grass X1 was the best. Compared with the control group, the amount of ammonia released during the fermentation process decreased by 51.22%. On the other hand, among 4 strains, only F2 and sub tilis X1 had certain inhibitory effects on the release of hydrogen sulfide, and the release decreased by 19.63% and 14.56%, respectively. The evaluation experiments of three kinds of fermentation mattress materials showed that the addition of sawdust, husk and coconut shell crumbs could further inhibit the release of ammonia effectively, and the release of ammonia in the husk group decreased by 86.48% during the 24-day fermentation process. In addition, the fermentation mode based on air stone was explored. Result show that the release of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide decreased by 64.09% and 23.12%, respectively.

关 键 词：猪粪发酵 菌株筛选 氨气 硫化氢 气泡石 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]