毒蕈碱乙酰胆碱受体在中枢神经系统中的作用  

The role of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in central nervous system

作　　者：王雪[1] 惠洋[1] 高旭[1] 宁心 WANG Xue;HUI Yang;GAO Xu;NING Xin(Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,Harbin Medical University,Harbin 150081,China;Harbin Ning Xin Oral Clinic,Harbin 150081,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学生物化学与分子生物学教研室,哈尔滨150081 [2]哈尔滨市宁心口腔诊所,哈尔滨150081

出　　处：《生命的化学》2020年第8期1270-1278,共9页Chemistry of Life

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81671255)。

摘　　要：毒蕈碱乙酰胆碱受体(muscarinic acetylcholine receptor,mAChR)作为胆碱能受体家族的一员,广泛存在于副交感神经节后纤维支配的效应器细胞上。因其在中枢和外周神经系统中作用广泛而成为一直以来的研究热点。mAChR分为五种亚型(M1R^M5R),各亚型在脑内均有分布。得益于研究技术的不断发展,五种亚型在大脑内的分布情况日趋明朗。因此,近些年来在中枢神经系统方面,对于mAChR的研究越来越丰富。本文简要介绍了mAChR的主要类型、生理功能、在中枢神经系统中的分布及其与中枢神经系统疾病的关系。As a member of the cholinergic receptor family,muscarinic acetylcholine receptor(mAChR)widely exists in the effector cells of parasympathetic postganglionic fibers.mAChR has become a research focus because of its extensive role in the central and peripheral nervous system.mAChR is divided into five subtypes(M1R-M5R),all of which are distributed in the brain.Thanks to the continuous development of research techniques,the distribution of the five subtypes in the brain has become increasingly clear.Therefore,the research on mAChR has become more and more abundant in the central nervous system in recent years.This review briefly introduced the main types,physiological functions,distribution in central nervous system and its relationship with central nervous system diseases.

关 键 词：大脑 毒蕈碱乙酰胆碱受体 G蛋白偶联受体 中枢神经系统疾病 

分 类 号：R741.02[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]