基于驾驶员反应时间特性的特长隧道行车安全  

Driving Safety of Extra-long Tunnel Based on Reaction Time Characteristics of Drivers

作　　者：刘宁伟 梁波[1,2] 肖尧[1,3] 张鸿鸣 LIU Ning-wei;LIANG Bo;XIAO Yao;ZHANG Hong-ming(School of Civil Engineering&Architecture,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074,China;State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Mountain Bridge and Tunnel Engineering,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074,China;Chongqing Rail Transit(Group)Co.,Ltd.,Chongqing 400042,China;Road Traffic Design and Research Institute,China Railway Fourth Survey and Design Institute Group Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430063,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆交通大学土木工程学院,重庆400074 [2]重庆交通大学山区桥梁与隧道工程国家重点实验室培育基地,重庆400074 [3]重庆市轨道交通(集团)有限公司,重庆400042 [4]中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司道路交通设计研究院,武汉430063

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2020年第26期10927-10933,共7页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51678096,51878107)。

摘　　要：为提高特长隧道行车安全水平,以驾驶员反应时间特性为研究目标,选取G65包茂高速武隆段的6条特长隧道为研究对象,利用自主研制的基于动态环境的反应时间测量平台,研究分析了距隧道入口距离、隧道平曲线线形、纵坡率以及行车车速对驾驶员反应时间特性影响规律。研究结果表明:①相同行车条件下,对驾驶员反应时间特性影响较为显著的因素包括距隧道入口距离、隧道平曲线线形及行车车速,隧道纵坡率对其影响不显著;②6条特长隧道的驾驶员反应时间沿距隧道入口距离呈先迅速减小、后缓慢增加的一个总体趋势,在距隧道入口750 m附近达到最小值,接近隧道出口处时迅速增大,且隧道内行车时间越长,平均反应时间及波动越大;③平曲线线形为入口直线线形段、中间曲线+直线线形组合段、出口曲线线形段的平均反应时间及反应时间标准差相对较低,行车安全状况更佳;④3种模拟车速下,驾驶员反应时间随行车车速的增大而减小。针对研究结论给出了以反应时间为控制目标的行车安全建议。In order to improve the traffic safety level of extra-long tunnel,the reaction time characteristics of drivers was taken as the research target,and six extra-long tunnels in Wulong section of G65 Baomao expressway were selected as the research objects.Using the self-developed reaction time measurement platform based on dynamic environment,the influence of distance from tunnel entrance,horizontal curve and longitudinal slope rate of tunnel,and driving speed on the reaction time characteristics of drivers were studied.Results show as follows.Under the same driving conditions,the factors that have a significant impact on the driver s reaction time characteristics are the distance from tunnel entrance,horizontal curve shape and driving speed,while the longitudinal slope rate of the tunnel has no significant impact on the driver s reaction time characteristics.The driver s reaction time of six extra-long tunnels decreases rapidly along the distance from tunnel entrance,then increases slowly,reaching the minimum value near 750 m from tunnel entrance and increasing rapidly near the tunnel exit;The longer the driving time in the tunnel,the greater the average reaction time and its fluctuation become.The average reaction time and the reaction time standard deviation of the entrance linear section,the middle curve+linear combination section and the exit curve linear section are relatively low.At three simulated speeds,the reaction time of drivers decreases with the increase of driving speed.The driving safety suggestions aiming at the reaction time as the control objective were given according to the conclusion of the study.

关 键 词：交通安全 行车安全研究 室内试验 特长隧道 驾驶员反应时间特性 

分 类 号：U458.1[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]