机械整流式振动能量回收器的研究  

A study on a vibration energy harvester with mechanical rectification

作　　者：朱子恒 徐琳[1] 邹俊逸 赖秋洋 纪然 ZHU Ziheng;XU Lin;ZOU Junyi;LAI Qiuyang;JI Ran(School of Automotive Engineering,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学汽车工程学院,武汉430070

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2020年第20期286-294,共9页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51675391)。

摘　　要：为了研究机械整流以及惯容对振动能量回收特性的影响,以回收背包振动能为研究方向,借鉴齿轮齿条以及滚珠丝杠的运动转化形式,设计两种形式的振动能量回收器。该系统结合单向轴承及惯容将背包的振动能转化为电能供电子设备使用。通过建立数学模型,基于能量转换原理,分析系统的能量回收特性。仿真分析机械整流以及惯容对振动能量回收特性的影响。最后通过试验探讨了惯容、频率以及负载电阻对系统能量回收特性的影响,并对比两种样机的振动能回收特性。结果表明:当系统激励频率接近固有频率时,系统的能量回收性能最佳;且可匹配合适的惯容以提高系统的输出功率;相比于滚珠丝杠式样机,在同等工况下齿轮齿条式的回收效率更高。In order to study the influence of mechanical rectification and inertial on vibration energy recovery characteristics,based on the harvest vibration energy of backpack as background,two kinds of vibration energy harvester were designed by referring to the motion transformation forms of rack and pinion and ball screw.The vibration energy harvester combines a one-way clutch and inertia to convert the vibration energy from the backpack into electrical energy for use by the electronic device.By establishing a system mathematical model,the energy harvesting characteristics of the system were analyzed from the perspective of energy conversion,and the effects of mechanical rectification and inertial on vibration harvesting characteristics were simulated and analyzed.Finally,the effects of mass ratio,frequency and load resistance on the energy harvesting characteristics of the system were analyzed through experiments,and the energy harvesting characteristics of the two prototypes were compared.The test results show that the system has the best energy harvesting performance when the system excitation frequency is close to the natural frequency of the system.At the same time,the energy harvesting efficiency can be improved by matching a suitable inertia.Moreover,compared with the ball screw type prototype,the harvesting efficiency of the rack and pinion prototype is higher under the same system parameters.

关 键 词：振动能 齿轮齿条 滚珠丝杠 机械整流 惯容 单向轴承 

分 类 号：TH113.2[机械工程—机械设计及理论]