新疆克拉玛依市石油工人睡眠时间和睡眠质量与高血压患病的关系  

Sleep duration,sleep quality,and their associations with hypertension of petroleum workers in Karamay,Xinjiang

作　　者：杨芬 张园月 邱瑞莹 陶宁[1,2] YANG Fen;ZHANG Yuan-yue;QIU Rui-ying;TAO Ning(School of Public Health,Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830011,China;Clinical Postdoctoral Mobile Station,Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830011,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆医科大学公共卫生学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [2]新疆医科大学临床博士后流动站,新疆乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《环境与职业医学》2020年第9期840-845,共6页Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区高校科研计划项目(XJEDU2018Y029);第64批面上资助西部地区博士后人才资助项目(2018M643826XB);新疆维吾尔自治区“十三五”重点学科-公共卫生与预防医学(99-11091113404#)。

摘　　要：[背景]石油工人是特殊的职业人群,其作息时间与自然睡眠节律发生冲突,可能会导致血压异常。[目的]探讨石油工人睡眠时间和睡眠质量与高血压的关系。[方法]2018年3—9月,采用多阶段整群抽样的方法,从新疆克拉玛依市的4个区中随机抽取1个区(克拉玛依区),并对该区所有油田按照随机数字表法抽出6所油田(百口泉采油厂、采油一厂、采油二厂、风城采油厂、油建公司及重油公司),选取所有年龄为20~60岁且工龄≥1年的工人进行调查。发放1500份问卷,收集基本人口学特征(如性别、年龄等)及行为影响因素(如吸烟、饮酒等)资料,剔除不完整问卷53份,有效回收率为96.5%。对调查对象进行血压监测,未完成血压检测者27人,最终纳入1420名研究对象。用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)量表评估工人的睡眠时间和睡眠质量。通过PSQI量表中的"每夜通常实际睡眠时间"评估睡眠时间,分为不足(<7 h)、正常(7~8 h)和过长(>8 h);睡眠质量根据PSQI总分分为好(得分≤3)、差(得分>3)。对不同人口学特征工人的睡眠时间、睡眠质量及高血压的分布进行卡方检验;通过多因素logistic回归分析高血压的影响因素。[结果]1420名石油工人中睡眠时间不足的有400人,检出率为28.1%;睡眠质量差的有318人,检出率为22.4%;患有高血压疾病232人,患病率为16.3%。不同人口学特征睡眠时间和睡眠质量比较显示:男性睡眠时间不足的检出率(32.0%)高于女性(24.7%)(P<0.05);倒班组睡眠时间不足的检出率(31.5%)高于不倒班组(23.0%)(P<0.05);倒班组睡眠质量差的检出率(25.2%)高于不倒班组(17.9%)(P<0.05)。不同人口学特征高血压患病率比较显示:女性(20.8%)高于男性(11.4%);30~45岁组(33.3%)高于其他年龄组(<30岁组占8.3%,>45岁组占19.9%);汉族(18.8%)高于其他民族(11.1%),高中及以下学历(22.8%)的高于大专及以上学历(13.0%),倒班组(19.6%)高于不倒班组(11.[Background]Petroleum workers are a special occupational group,and their work schedule conflicts with natural sleep rhythm,which may lead to abnormal blood pressure.[Objective]This study investigates the relationships of hypertension with sleep duration and sleep quality in petroleum workers.[Methods]From March to September 2018,through a multi-stage cluster sampling method,one district(Karamay District)was randomly selected from four districts in Karamay City of Xinjiang,six oilfields(Baikouquan Oil Production Plant,No.1 Oil Production Plant,No.2 Oil Production Plant,Fengcheng Oil Production Plant,Oil Construction Company,and Heavy Oil Company)were selected from all the oilfields in this area by random number table method,and all workers aged 20 to 60 years and with more than one year of working experience were selected for investigation.A total of 1500 questionnaires were distributed to collect basic demographic characteristics(such as gender and age)and behavioral factors(such as smoking and drinking),and 53 incomplete questionnaires were excluded.The valid response rate was 96.5%.The participants’blood pressure was measured,and after excluding 27 participants who did not complete it,finally 1420 participants were included.Pittsburgh Sleep Index(PSQI)was used to assess the sleep duration and quality of the workers.Sleep duration was assessed by the item of"actual sleep time per night"in the PSQI scale,and graded into insufficient(<7 h),normal(7-8 h),and excessive(>8 h)respectively;sleep quality was assessed by the total score of PSQI,and categorized into good(PSQI score≤3)and poor(PSQI score>3)respectively.Chi-square test was performed on the distribution of sleep duration,sleep quality,and hypertension of workers with different demographic characteristics,and multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of hypertension.[Results]Of the 1420 petroleum workers included in the study,400 workers had insufficient sleep duration(28.1%),318 workers had poor sleep quality(22.4%),and

关 键 词：高血压 石油工人 睡眠时间 睡眠质量 

分 类 号：R544.1[医药卫生—心血管疾病]