北京市山区小流域治理前后土壤侵蚀强度及空间格局分析  

Analysis of soil erosion intensity and spatial patterns before and after small watershed management in mountainous areas of Beijing

作　　者：赵猛 姚吉利[1] 王建 胡信志 王家晖 张超 李彩林[1] ZHAO Meng;YAO Jili;WANG Jian;HU Xinzhi;WANG Jiahui;ZHANG Chao;LI Cailin(School of Architectural Engineering,Shandong University of Technology,Zibo 255049,China;Beijing General Working Station of Soil and Water Conservation,Beijing 100036,China)

机构地区：[1]山东理工大学建筑工程学院,山东淄博255049 [2]北京市水土保持工作总站,北京100036

出　　处：《生态科学》2020年第5期115-123,共9页Ecological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41601496,41701525);山东省自然科学基金资助项目(ZR2017LD002)。

摘　　要：根据2016年实施治理的北京市平谷区金海湖镇中心村小流域的地形地貌和综合治理措施的实施情况,优化了地形因子LS和梯田的水土保持措施因子P的提取方法,利用北京土壤流失方程(BJSLE),结合GIS、RS,定量的分析了中心村小流域综合治理前后的土壤侵蚀状况和空间格局分布情况。分析结果为:治理后的中心村小流域的土壤侵蚀总量比治理前减少了1397.51 t,综合治理前,年平均土壤侵蚀模数为558.71 t·(km^2·a)^-1;综合治理后,年平均土壤侵蚀模数为496.57 t·(km^2·a)^-1,年平均土壤侵蚀模数减小了62.14 t·(km^2·a)^-1。研究区治理前后的土壤侵蚀量有一定的变化,土壤的侵蚀级别正在从高级别向低级别转化。通过研究,准确地得出综合治理前后中心村小流域的土壤侵蚀状况,为实现北京市京津风沙源治理二期工程规划中的效益总体评价目标提供技术支撑。According to the topography and geomorphology and the implementation of comprehensive harnessing measures of the small watershed of Jinhaihu Town Zhongxin Village in Pinggu District,Beijing,which was harnessed in 2016,we optimized the method of extracting the topographic factor LS and the soil and water conservation measures factor P of the terraced field.The Beijing soil loss equation(BJSLE)was used to combine with GIS and RS.We analyzed the quantitative method of the soil erosion status and spatial pattern distribution in the two periods of the Zhongxin Village small watershed.The results were as follows.The total amount of soil erosion in the central watershed after the treatment was reduced by 1397.51 t compared with before,and the average annual soil erosion modulus before the comprehensive treatment was 558.71 t·(km^2·a)^-1.The average annual soil erosion modulus was 496.57 t·(km^2·a)^-1 after comprehensive treatment,and the annual average soil erosion modulus reduced by 62.14 t·(km^2·a)^-1.The soil erosion had certain changes before and after treatment in the study area,and the soil erosion level was changing from senior to junior.Through the study,the soil erosion status of the small watershed in the central village before and after comprehensive harnessing was accurately obtained,which provided technical support for the overall evaluation of benefits in the second phase of Beijing-Tianjin sandstorm source harnessing project planning.

关 键 词：土壤侵蚀 土壤流失方程 RS 小流域 空间格局 

分 类 号：P237[天文地球—摄影测量与遥感]