单细胞测序技术在微生物生态领域中的应用  

Applications of Single-cell Sequencing Technology in Microbial Ecology

作　　者：王丹蕊 沈文丽 魏子艳 王尚[1] 邓晔[1,2,3] WANG Dan-rui;SHEN Wen-li;WEI Zi-yan;WANG Shang;DENG Ye(Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science,Chinese Academy of Science,Beijing 100085;Institute of Marine Science and Technology,Shandong University,Qingdao 266237;College of Resources and Environment,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,北京100085 [2]山东大学海洋研究院,青岛266237 [3]中国科学院大学资源与环境学院,北京100049

出　　处：《生物技术通报》2020年第10期237-246,共10页Biotechnology Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U1906223,91851106);中国科学院前沿科学重点研究项目(QYZDB-SSW-DQC026)。

摘　　要：单细胞测序技术是指在单细胞水平上对核酸分子进行测序的技术。近年来,单细胞测序技术异军突起,成为分子生物学研究的热点,在医学、生物化学、生命科学等领域取得了卓越的成果,也成为了单细胞生态学的重要组成部分。单细胞测序与扩增子或宏基因组技术结合可以更准确地识别微生物物种,探究种群异质性,进一步研究特定物种的功能,获得稀有物种的完整基因组。简述了单细胞测序的产生及发展历程,重点介绍了细胞分离和基因组扩增的前沿技术,并详细论述了单细胞测序技术在微生物生态领域中的应用。Single-cell sequencing technology,allowing nucleic acid molecules sequenced at the level of single cell,has become a hot spot in molecular biology,and from it there are remarkable achievements in medicine,biochemistry,life science,thus it become an important part of single-cell ecology.The combination of single-cell sequencing and amplicon or metagenomic techniques can more accurately identify microbial species,explore population heterogeneity,intensively study the function of specific species,and obtain the complete genome of rare species.Here,we briefly review the generation and development process of single-cell sequencing,focus on introducing the new technologies of cell isolation and genome amplification,and illustrate the application of single-cell sequencing in microbial ecology.

关 键 词：单细胞测序 单细胞基因组 环境微生物 种群异质性 单细胞生态学 

分 类 号：Q938[生物学—微生物学]