4种石斑鱼肌肉中营养成分分析与评价  

Analysis and evaluation of nutritional componentsin the muscle of four grouper species

作　　者：陈晓婷[1,2] 林瑜 路海霞[1,2] 苏永昌 刘智禹[1,2] CHEN Xiaoting;LIN Yu;LU Haixia;SU Yongchang;LIU Zhiyu(Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-value Utilization of Marine Organisms in Fujian Province,Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian,Xiamen 361013,China;Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources,Xiamen 361013,China;Minxi Vocational and Technical College,Environmental Engineering Department,Longyan 364000,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省水产研究所,福建省海洋生物增养殖与高值化利用重点实验室,福建厦门361013 [2]福建省海洋生物资源开发利用协同创新中心,福建厦门361013 [3]闽西职业技术学院环境工程系,福建龙岩364000

出　　处：《渔业研究》2020年第5期463-472,共10页Journal of Fisheries Research

基　　金：福建省海洋与渔业结构调整专项资金“石斑鱼系列食品开发技术研究与应用”(2016HYJG05);福州市“十三五”海洋经济创新发展示范工作项目“海洋生物医药与制品产业化开发技术服务平台”(FZHJ14).

摘　　要：为了测定珍珠龙胆石斑鱼(E.fuscoguttatus♀×E.lanceolatus♂)、鞍带石斑鱼(E.lanceolatus)、褐点石斑鱼(E.fuscoguttatus)和青石斑鱼(E.awoara)的营养成分,对4种石斑鱼的营养价值进行系统评价。采用国家标准生化测定方法检测石斑鱼肌肉中的水分、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、粗灰分、氨基酸、脂肪酸及矿物质。结果表明,4种石斑鱼的蛋白质含量为(15.18%±0.21%)^(17.33%±1.09%),粗脂肪含量为(0.81%±0.03%)^(7.04%±0.21%);均检出18种氨基酸,必需氨基酸占总氨基酸含量的41.43%~42.47%,均高于联合国粮油组织与世界卫生组织(FAO/WHO)的40%评分标准,鲜味氨基酸占总氨基酸含量的41.43%~42.47%,必需氨基酸指数(EAAI值)为0.93~1.13,4种石斑鱼蛋白质质量较优;矿物质元素中,常量元素K含量最高[(3142.50±30.41)mg/100 g^(4209±38.18)mg/100 g],微量元素Fe含量最高[(3.51±0.32)mg/100 g^(5.91±0.14)mg/100 g];脂肪酸组成和含量中,鞍带石斑鱼检出22种脂肪酸,高于其他3种石斑鱼,其中多不饱和脂肪酸含量占总脂肪酸的38.14%,4种石斑鱼含有较高的二十二碳六烯酸和二十碳五烯酸(DHA+EPA),占脂肪酸总量的13.58%~27.57%。因此,4种石斑鱼的蛋白质质量较优,氨基酸和脂肪酸构成比例适宜,矿物质含量较为丰富,是营养价值较高的优良水产品,具有较高的综合利用价值。By detecting nutritional components of E.fuscoguttatus♀×E.lanceolatus♂,E.lanceolatus,E.fuscoguttatus and E.awoara,the nutritional value of grouper was evaluated comprehensively.The protein,water,amino acids,minerals and fatty acids of four grouper species were detected by national standard biochemical assay.The protein content and crude fat content of four grouper species were 15.18%~17.33%and 0.81%~7.04%,respectively.18 kinds of amino acids were detected,while the essential amino acid was 41.43%~42.47%of total amino acids,which was higher than the FAO/WHO 40%scoring standard.The flavour amino acid and EAAI value were 6.34%~7.08%and 0.93~1.13,respectively,which indicated that the protein quality of four grouper species was excellent.Among the mineral elements of the four grouper species,K content was the highest of constant element and Fe content was the highest of trace element.In terms of fatty acid composition and content,22 amino acids were higher in E.lanceolatus than in the other three grouper species.The content of polyunsaturated fatty acid accounted for 38.14%of the total fatty acids.The four grouper species contain higher DHA+EPA content,accounting for 13.58%~27.57%of the total fatty acids.Therefore,the protein quality of the four kinds of grouper was excellent,the composition ratio of amino acid and fatty acid was appropriate,and the mineral content was rich.It was an excellent aquatic product with high nutritional value and high comprehensive utilization value.

关 键 词：珍珠龙胆石斑鱼 鞍带石斑鱼 褐点石斑鱼 青石斑鱼 营养成分 评价 

分 类 号：TS254.2[轻工技术与工程—水产品加工及贮藏工程]