论风险社会中的时间及其价值  

On Time and Its Value in Risk Society

作　　者：张康之 ZHANG Kangzhi

机构地区：[1]江苏省新型城镇化与社会治理协同创新中心,江苏苏州215123

出　　处：《中共中央党校（国家行政学院）学报》2020年第5期94-105,共12页Journal of The Party School of The Central Committee of The C.P.C（Chinese Academy of Governance）

基　　金：中国人民大学科学研究基金项目重大基础研究计划“通过服务型政府建设完善社会治理体系”(12XNL003)。

摘　　要：在认识和解释风险社会产生的众多原因时,也需要从时间的角度去看问题。在人所利用的物质资源消耗难以为继的情况下,时间的资源价值日益彰显,对时间的开发和利用,以及时间资源的稀缺化,都导致了风险社会特征的日益强化。于此过程中,经济的发展与政治的发展是不同步的,特别是人的观念还停留在工业社会的框架中,并未在政治等活动中把时间的维度纳入,致使社会风险源源不断地被生产出来。时间以及对时间的利用在一定程度上包含了风险社会生成的奥秘。不过,时间是可以分解的,可以分成过去、现在和未来。一旦作出这种分解,就会发现作为时间当下的现在中包含着人的能动性,而人的这种能动性则可以在风险社会中充分诠释时间的价值。时间还有着自然时间和社会时间两种存在形式,社会时间是建构性的。在风险社会中,社会时间的质的属性其实就是人的时间拥有和利用的自主性,这种自主性恰恰是合作行动的前提。when trying to understand and explain the causes of risk society, we also need to look at the problem from the perspective of time. Indeed, in the case of unsustainable consumption of material resources,the resource value of time is increasingly highlighted. The development and utilization of time, as well as the scarcity of time resources, have led to the increasingly strengthening of the characteristics of risk society. In this process, economic development and political development are not synchronized;especially the concept of human beings still stays in the framework of industrial society, and does not include the dimension of time in political activities, resulting in the continuous production of social risks. Time and the use of time to a certain extent contain the mystery of the generating of risk society. However, time can be divided into the past, the present and the future. Once this kind of decomposition is made, it will be found that the present as time contains human initiative, which can fully interpret the value of time in the risk society. There are two forms of time: natural time and social time. Social time is constructive. In a risk society, the qualitative attribute of social time is actually the autonomy of people’s time possession and utilization, which is exactly the premise of cooperative action.

关 键 词：风险社会 自然时间 社会时间 时间资源 合作行动 

分 类 号：C912[经济管理]