水产废弃油脂制备生物柴油工艺研究  

Study on preparation of biodiesel from fishery waste oil

作　　者：郝晓燕 李培海 张轩铭[1] 刘可春[1] HAO Xiao-yan;LI Pei-hai;ZHANG Xuan-ming;LIU Ke-chun(Biology Institute of Shandong Academy of Sciences,Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences),Jinan 250103,Shandong,China;Shandong Lancheng Analysis and Testing Co.,Ltd.,Jinan 250101,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省科学院生物研究所,齐鲁工业大学(山东省科学院),山东济南250103 [2]山东蓝城分析测试有限公司,山东济南250101

出　　处：《粮食与油脂》2020年第10期52-56,共5页Cereals & Oils

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划(2019YYSP017);山东省农业科技园区产业提升工程(2017YQ001)。

摘　　要：对水产废弃油脂制备生物柴油的萃取-碱炼脱酸工艺和碱催化酯交换工艺进行研究,并采用GC-MS方法对生物柴油产品的组成进行检测。结果表明:正交设计试验确定95%乙醇萃取脱酸最佳条件为液料比0.5∶1(mL/g)、萃取时间40 min、萃取次数4次、温度50℃,萃取后油脂再经碱炼处理脱酸率可达82.67%;响应曲面试验确定酯交换反应最佳条件为温度30℃、醇油质量比9∶1、催化剂用量0.8%,油脂酯化率为93.71%。GC-MS分析结果表明:共鉴定出13种脂肪酸甲酯成分,占总成分的88.24%;丙酸甲酯所占比重最高,含量可达78.58%;其余组份还包括多氧杂脂肪酸甲酯、脂肪酸甲酯等。水产废弃油脂能够作为一种新型的可再生资源予以开发利用,具有较好的产业化前景。The process of extraction-alkali refining deacidification and alkali-catalyzed transesterification were investigated for biodiesel preparation from the fishery waste oil, and GCMS method was used to analyze the chemical compositions of the biodiesel product. The results showed that the optimum deacidification conditions determined by orthogonal experiments were 95 % ethanol with a liquid-oil ratio of 0.5 ∶ 1 mL/g, extraction 40 min, extraction 4 times and temperature 50 ℃, and the deacidification rate reached 82.67 % after further alkali treatment;the optimum transesterification conditions determined by response surface experiments were temperature 30 ℃, mass ratio of methanol to oil 9 ∶ 1 and catalyst dosage 0.8 %, and the esterification rate was 93.71 %. The GC-MS analysis indicated that 13 fatty acid methyl ester components were identified in the sample, responsible for 88.24 % of the total compositions;the content of methyl propionate occupied the highest proportion at 78.58 %;the remaining components included oxygen-containing fatty acid methyl esters and fatty acid methyl esters. The fishery waste oil can be utilized for industrialization as a new type of renewable resource.

关 键 词：水产废弃油脂 脱酸 酯交换 生物柴油 GC-MS分析 

分 类 号：TS229[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]