舟山市南美白对虾养殖生态经济效益与能值评价  

Eco-economic benefits and emergy evaluation of Penaeus vannamei culture in Zhoushan City

作　　者：彭志兰 柳敏海 PENG Zhi-lan;LIU Min-hai(College of Biological&Environmental Sciences,Zhejiang Wanli University,Zhejiang Ningbo 315100,China;Institute of mariculture breeding and seed industry,Zhejiang Wanli University,Ningbo,Zhejiang,315100)

机构地区：[1]浙江万里学院生物与环境学院,浙江宁波315100 [2]浙江万里学院海洋生物种业研究院,浙江宁波315100

出　　处：《中国渔业经济》2020年第5期116-124,共9页Chinese Fisheries Economics

基　　金：校科研专项资金(SC1031980180780)资助

摘　　要：论文根据实地调研的数据对舟山市南美白对虾温室大棚养殖和高位池养殖两种模式的生态经济效益与能值进行了分析,结果表明:温室大棚养殖的可变成本中饲料水电苗种药品,高位池养殖的可变成本中水电苗种饲料药品;两种模式的固定成本均资产折旧工资租金,总成本支出均为饲料水电资产折旧苗种人员工资药品租金。温室大棚养殖成本利润率和销售利润率均高于高位池养殖。南美白对虾高位池和温室大棚养殖系统投入总能值分别为4.96E+19 sej/a、1.42E+20 sej/a;可更新自然资源投入占总投入能值比例分别为3.595%、2.521%;不可更新反馈资源投入占投入能值比例分别为66.252%、74.123%;可更新反馈资源投入占投入能值比例分别为29.831%、23.408%。南美白对虾高位池和温室大棚养殖系统净能值产出率(NEYR)分别为6.903、13.606;环境贡献率(ECR)分别为3.917%、2.468%;环境负荷率(ELR)分别为1.963、2.864;能值交换率(EER)分别为6.633、13.270;能值可持续指数(ESI)分别为3.516、4.750;可持续性发展的能值指数(EISD)分别为23.323、63.032。南美白对虾温室大棚养殖比高位池养殖系统不可更新反馈资源投入只高出12.04%,而温室大棚养殖比高位池养殖系统NEYR高97.10%、EER高100.06%、ESI高35.10%、EISD高170.26%。这为南美白对虾养殖业的生态化转型提供参考依据。Based on the data of field investigation,the ecological economic benefits and emergy of two modes of greenhouse breeding and high-level pond breeding of Penaeus vannamei in Zhoushan City are analyzed.The results show that:The convertible cost of greenhouse breeding feed hydropower seedling drug;The convertible cost of high-level pond breeding hydropower seedling feed drug.Two modes of fixed cost asset depreciation wage rent.Total cost expenditure is feed hydropower assets depreciation seedling personnel salary drug rent.The cost profit rate and sales profit rate of greenhouse breeding are higher than those of high high-level pond breeding.The total energy input of high-level pond breeding and greenhouse breeding system of Penaeus vannamei is 4.96E+19 sej/a and1.42E+20 sej/a.The proportion of renewable natural resources input to total input emergy is 3.595%and 2.521%respectively.Non-renewable feedback resources accounted for 66.252%and 74.123%of the input emergy,and renewable feedback resources accounted for 29.831%and 23.408%of the input emergy,respectively.The net emergy yield(NEYR)of high-level pond breeding and greenhouse breeding system of Penaeus vannamei are 6.903 and 13.606,respectively,Environmental contribution rate(ECR)is 3.917%and 2.468%,environmental load rate(ELR)is 1.963 and 2.864,energy exchange rate(EER)is 6.633 and 13.270,energy sustainability index(ESI)is 3.516 and 4.750,and energy index(EISD)of sustainable development is 23.323 and 63.032,respectively.The input of non-renewable feedback resources in greenhouse breeding of Penaeus vannamei is only 12.04%higher than that in high-level pond breeding system,while the input of NEYR,EER,ESI and EISD in greenhouse culture were 97.10%,100.06%,35.10%and 170.26%higher than that in high pond culture system.This provides a reference for the ecological transformation of Penaeus vannamei farming industry.

关 键 词：南美白对虾 温室大棚养殖 高位池养殖 经济效益 能值评价 

分 类 号：F326.407[经济管理—产业经济]