追缴返还程序对被害人财产权的影响  

The Influence of the Procedure of Recovery and Return on the Victim’s Property Right

作　　者：熊誉 张永江[1] XIONG Yu;ZHANG Yong-jiang(School of law,Xiangtan University,Xiangtan,Hunan,411100)

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学法学院,湖南湘潭411100

出　　处：《韩山师范学院学报》2020年第5期95-102,共8页Journal of Hanshan Normal University

摘　　要：在刑民交叉案件中,司法实践一般对被害人的财产通过追缴程序予以救济。这种方式虽然可以减轻被害人的程序负担,但实际上有时对被害人财产权造成了损害。从程序上说,民事诉讼程序在对被害人财产权方面的保护是优于追缴程序的,但目前的司法实践普遍做法又不允许被害人在追缴程序外提起民事诉讼程序。从实体上分析,若被害人与行为人存在合同关系,通过民事诉讼主张合同救济是可以获得更多赔偿的,但司法实践为了维护民事诉讼程序与追缴程序的一致性,往往又会否定合同效力。出现这种情况的根本原因在于刑民交叉案件中的“先刑后民”原则,因此应该在司法实践中允许被害人在追缴程序外另外提起民事诉讼,且仅依照民法确认民事权利的有无和大小,不能为了追求民事处理结果与刑事处理结果的一致性而否定合同效力。这种处理方式既符合法律规定,又可以更好保护受害人利益。In cross criminal and civil cases,the judicial practice generally gives relief to the victim’s property through the recovery procedure.Although this way can reduce the victim’s procedural burden,it actually damages the victim’s property rights.From the procedural point of view,the protection of the victim’s property rights in the civil procedure is superior to the recovery procedure,but the current common practice of judicial practice does not allow the victim to initiate civil proceedings outside the recovery procedure.From the substantive point of view,if there is a contractual relationship between the victim and the perpetrator,more compensation can be obtained by claiming contractual relief through civil litigation.However,in order to maintain the consistency between the civil procedure and the recovery procedure,judicial practice often negates the effectiveness of the contract.The fundamental reason for this situation lies in the principle of“punishment before people”in cross criminal and civil cases.Therefore,in judicial practice,the victim should be allowed to file another civil action outside the recovery procedure,and only confirm the existence and size of civil rights in accordance with the civil law.The validity of the contract cannot be denied in order to pursue the consistency between the civil treatment results and the criminal treatment results.This kind of treatment not only conforms to the law,but can also better protect the interests of the victims.

关 键 词：被害人保护 追缴程序 民刑并行 

分 类 号：D915.2[政治法律—诉讼法学]