海州湾及邻近海域鹰爪虾的生长、死亡参数及开发状况研究  

Researches on Growth and Mortality Parameters and Exploitation of Southern Rough Shrimp Trachysalambria curvirostris(Decapoda:Penaeidae)in Haizhou Bay and Its Adjacent Waters

作　　者：伊峻东 刘群[1] YI Jun-Dong;LIU Qun(College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学水产学院,山东青岛266003

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第12期40-49,共10页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：中国海洋大学基本科研业务费项目(201562030)资助。

摘　　要：鹰爪虾(Trachysalambria curvirostris)为我国近海虾类中重要的经济种,对其种群动力学的研究具有重要意义。本文应用R中TropFishR包的ELEFAN、LCCC和Beverton-Holt模型等方法,基于2011年在海州湾及邻近海域的拖网调查资料,研究了鹰爪虾的生长、死亡参数及开发状况,建立了刀刃式选择假设模型和结合渔具选择性改进的Beverton-Holt模型,并比较了这两种模型在鹰爪虾种群评估中的适用性。研究认为,雌、雄性鹰爪虾的渐近体长L∞分别为12.97和9.77 cm,生长系数K分别为0.79和0.98 a-1,体长为零时的理论年龄t0分别为-0.26和-0.22 a,总死亡系数Z分别为3.321和3.683 a-1,自然死亡系数M分别为1.435和1.791 a-1,捕捞死亡系数F分别为1.886和1.892 a-1,当前的开发率E分别为0.568和0.514。比较认为,两种评估方法中结合渔具选择性改进的Beverton-Holt模型更适合鹰爪虾的种群评估。结合渔具选择性改进的Beverton-Holt模型估算结果显示,海州湾及邻近海域鹰爪虾的开捕体长接近最适值,但当前捕捞强度大于生物学参考点F0.1(1.833 a-1),建议减小捕捞压力以确保资源的可持续利用。Southern rough shrimp,Trachysalambria curvirostris Stimpson 1860,formerly Trachypenaeus curvirostris,is an economically important species in Yellow Sea.However,there are less researches on the population dynamics of T.curvirostris.In order to provide a guidance to the scientific management of resource sustainable utilization,the growth parameters,mortality coefficients and yield per recruit(YPR)of T.curvirostris in Haizhou Bay and its adjacent waters were investigated based on the trawl survey data collected in 2011 in this sea area.The R software package TropFishR was used.Parameters of von Bertalanffy growth equation were estimated through Electronic LEngth Frequency ANalysis(ELEFAN).The estimated asymptotic body length(L∞)and growth coefficient(K)were 12.97 cm and 0.79 a-1 for females and 9.77 cm and 0.98 a-1 for males,respectively.The theoretical age at zero length(t0)obtained was-0.26 a and-0.22 a,respectively.Total mortality coefficient(Z)obtained through Length-Converted Catch Curves(LCCC)for females and males was 3.321 a-1 and 3.683 a-1,respectively.The natural mortality coefficient(M)obtained from empirical equation of Pauly was 1.435 a-1 for females and 1.791 a-1 for males.Fishing mortality coefficient(F)was 1.886 a-1 for females and 1.892 a-1 for males.Exploitation rate(E)was 0.568 for females and 0.514 for males.Two methods(the Beverton-Holt model using knife-edge selection and the modified Beverton-Holt model using selection ogive)have been evaluated for the calculation of YPR.The results obtained using selection ogive option for females were chosen for T.curvirostris in Haizhou Bay,which indicated that the body length at first capture was close to the optimum value,the biological reference points F0.1 and Fmax were 1.833 a-1 and 2.077 a-1,respectively.The current fishing mortality was slightly larger than F0.1,indicating that exploitation should be reduced.Furthermore,it would be more helpful to the sustainable use of the resource to develop T.curvirostris aquaculture at the same time.

关 键 词：鹰爪虾 海州湾 生长参数 死亡系数 单位补充量产量 ELEFAN 

分 类 号：S932.5[农业科学—渔业资源]