长江口及邻近海域4个不同地理群体凤鲚矢耳石形态差异  

Otolith morphological variations among four geographic populations of Coilia mystus in the Yangtze Estuary and its adjacent waters

作　　者：宋超[1,2,4] 杨琴 赵峰 张涛[1,2,4] 胡丽娟 庄平[1,2,3,4] SONG Chao;YANG Qin;ZHAO Feng;ZHANG Tao;HU Lijuan;ZHUANG Ping(East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Shanghai 200090,China;Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Fisheries Resources and Environment of the East China Sea and Yangtze Estuary,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shanghai 200090,China;National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Fisheries Stock Enhancement and Habitat Restoration of the Yangtze Estuary,Shanghai 200090,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,上海200090 [2]农业农村部东海与长江口渔业资源环境科学观测实验站,上海200090 [3]上海海洋大学,水产科学国家级实验教学示范中心,上海201306 [4]上海长江口渔业资源增殖和生态修复工程技术研究中心,上海200090

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2020年第10期1125-1135,共11页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：上海市科技兴农重点攻关项目(2017-02-08-00-07-F00075);中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费项目(2020TD13);农业农村部农业财政专项(2130135,2060302);上海市自然科学基金项目(19ZR1470200)。

摘　　要：为探明相邻海域凤鲚(Coilia mystus)群体间的差异性,分别采集江苏吕四(吕四群体)、上海崇明(崇明群体)、浙江舟山(舟山群体)和浙江温州(温州群体)邻近海域的凤鲚共240尾。以凤鲚矢耳石为研究对象,利用耳石测量法和耳石框架法获得21个测量参数,通过公式转化为20个形态指标数据,并进行多元统计分析。非参数检验显示4个群体间14个形态指标具有显著性差异(P<0.05);应用主成分分析构建了7个反映耳石形态特征的主成分,累计贡献率为81.79%,结果显示不同群体耳石的整体形态相似,各群体间的耳石形态差异主要体现在局部的框架形态指标;利用贡献率最大的9个形态指标构建了4个群体的判别方程,温州群体的判别准确率最高,为96.7%,其次是崇明群体(66.7%)、吕四群体(60.0%)和舟山群体(58.3%);聚类分析表明崇明和舟山群体距离最近,其次为吕四群体,与温州群体距离最远。结果表明,崇明、舟山和吕四群体间矢耳石形态差异较小,而温州群体与这3个群体的差异最大,可单独确立为一个生态群体。可见,短距离洄游性凤鲚不同群体间耳石形态差异大小与群体地理阻隔程度相关。To explore differences in the Coilia mystus populations of the Yangtze Estuary and its adjacent waters, 240 individuals were collected from four populations of Lyusi(Ls population), Chongming Island in Shanghai(Cm population), Zhoushan(Zs population) and Wenzhou(Wz population). Twenty-one morphological parameters of the sagittal otolith were measured by otolith measurements and the otolith frame method. Twenty morphological indices transformed from the 21 morphological parameters were analyzed by multivariate statistical analyses. Non-parametric tests showed that there were significant differences in 14 of the morphological indices among the 4 populations. Principal component analysis constructed 7 principal components of the otolith morphological characteristics, with a cumulative contribution rate of 81.79%. The overall shape of the otoliths was similar among populations, and the differences were mainly reflected in the local frame morphological indices. The discriminant equation of the 4 populations was constructed using the 9 parameters with the greatest contribution rates. The discriminant accuracy of the Wz population was highest(96.7%), followed by the Cm(66.7%), Ls(60.0%), and Zs populations(58.3%). Cluster analysis showed that the Cm and Zs populations were closest, followed by the Ls population, and the Wz population had the furthest distance. The shape of the sagittal otolith in the Cm population was similar to the Zs and Ls populations, and there were significant differences in the otolith morphology of the Wz population versus the other 3 populations. These results indicate that Wz is an ecological population. Therefore, the differences in otolith morphology between populations of C. mystus with short-distance migratory habits are related to their geographical distribution. Otolith shape varied little among geographically close groups with similar habitats but was larger in groups with geographic barriers and genetic differentiation. Variability in the size of the otolith is related to the degree of

关 键 词：凤鲚 矢耳石 耳石形态 耳石框架 多元统计分析 长江口 

分 类 号：S931[农业科学—渔业资源]