中熟白肉桃新品种‘中桃5号’的选育  

Breeding of a middle ripening, white-fleshed peach cultivar ‘Zhongtao 5’

作　　者：牛良[1] 孟君仁 崔国朝[1] 潘磊[1] 曾文芳[1] 鲁振华[1] 王志强[1] NIU Liang;MENG Junren;CUI Guochao;PAN Lei;ZENG Wenfang;LU Zhenghua;WANG Zhiqiang(Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Peach&Grape Improvement Center,Zhengzhou 450009,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所·国家桃、葡萄改良中心,郑州450009

出　　处：《果树学报》2020年第10期1593-1596,共4页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：国家重点研发项目(2019YFD1000801);中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目[CAAS-ASTIP-2015-ZFRI-(01)]。

摘　　要：‘中桃5号’是以‘朝晖’为母本‘、双佛’为父本,通过人工杂交培育出的白肉鲜食桃新品种。果实圆形,果顶圆平或微凹,缝合线浅,两半部对称。果实大,平均单果质量263 g,大果质量500 g以上。果实表面茸毛中等,底色浅绿白,成熟时多数果面着红色。果肉白色,溶质,肉质细,多汁,风味甜,近核处花色苷中等,黏核。可溶性固形物含量(w,后同)12.6%~13.9%,总糖含量10.9%,总酸含量0.27%,维生素C含量11.56 mg·100 g^-1,品质优。花为蔷薇型,有花粉。在郑州地区,‘中桃5号’一般2月底3月初叶芽萌动,3月下旬开花,花期5~7 d,果实在7月下旬成熟,果实发育期120 d左右。The traditional cross breeding is one of the most effective ways to breed new peach cultivars although many new technology occurred.Aiming at white-fleshed peach with round shape,big fruit and good quality,we choose‘Zhaohui’,bred by Horticulture Research Institute,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,as female parent and‘Sunfre’,a nectarine cultivar from USA for pollen donation.The pollen which was collected in March 1989 from the male parent‘Sunfre’was used for pollination in the balloom stage of the female parent‘Zhaohui’after artificial emasculation.50 hybrid fruits were harvested after matured and the stone were cleared and stratificated under 2-7℃in refrigeration house for about 90 days.When some of the seeds began to germinate,took out and sowed all the seeds in greenhouse.Finally,32 hybrid seedlings were obtained.In early April of the next year,the seedlings were planted by 2.0 m×4.0 m in breeding nursery according to the conventional cultivation management.Three years later,most of the trees began to flower and fruit.‘89-4-32’,one of the hybrid seedlings,exhibited round,sweet and large fruit,accord with our breeding aim.The main economic and agronomic characters were stable,which were prior to the controls in the followed 4 fruited years.In 1996,it was upper-position grafted and evaluation was carried out for several fruiting years.The results showed that the main traits remained stable compared to the mother plant.In 2006,we choosed several orchard for production tests in Henan province.The comprehensive performance was stable and showed strong market competitiveness.In 2015,the selection was authorized to release and named‘Zhongtao 5’.The fruit of‘Zhongtao 5’is round and the top is flat or dimple,the suture is shallow and the two sides are symmetrical,mature degree is uniform.The fruit is large with average fruit mass of 263 g and the biggest ones are more than 500 g.The fruit background is light-green or white,with medium fuzz.Most surface of the fruit is covered with

关 键 词：桃 新品种 ‘中桃5号’ 白肉 

分 类 号：S662.1[农业科学—果树学]