儿童眼压与近视屈光度的相关性  

Correlation between Intraocular Pressure and Myopia in Children

作　　者：魏士飞 李仕明 严然 白雅雯 甘嘉禾 李翯[2] 刘洛如 翟长斌 王宁利 Shifei Wei;Shiming Li;Ran Yan;Yawen Bai;Jiahe Gan;He Li;Luoru Liu;Changbin Zhai;Ningli Wang(Beijing Tongren Eye Center,Beijing Tongren Hospital,Beijing Ophthalmology&Visual Sciences Key Laboratory,Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100730,China;Anyang Eye Hospital,Anyang 455000,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院,北京同仁眼科中心,北京市眼科研究所,北京市眼科学与视觉科学重点实验室,北京100730 [2]安阳市眼科医院,455000

出　　处：《中华眼视光学与视觉科学杂志》2020年第9期659-664,共6页Chinese Journal Of Optometry Ophthalmology And Visual Science

基　　金：北京市青年拔尖人才项目(2016000021223ZK28);首都卫生发展科研专项基金项目(2020-2-1081);首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院院内基金项目(2017ynkylsm)。

摘　　要：目的:探讨眼压高低与儿童近视屈光度数的关系。方法:横断面研究。共纳入2017年3─7月在河南安阳城区开展的"安阳儿童眼病研究"随访的小学六年级学生2126例,年龄为(12.2±0.4)岁。采用自动电脑验光仪测量睫状肌麻痹后的屈光度并计算等效球镜度(SE),非接触式眼压计测量眼压(IOP),非接触光学测量仪Lenstar LS900获得眼轴长度、角膜厚度、前房深度和晶状体厚度等数据。将受检者的IOP按照三分位数,分为低[IOP<14 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)]、中(14 mmHg≤IOP≤16 mmHg)和高水平组(IOP>16 mmHg)。正视组的定义为-0.5 D≤SE≤0.5 D,远视组的定义为SE>0.5 D。近视组的定义为SE<-0.5 D,其中分为低度近视组(-0.5 D≤SE<-3.0 D)、中度近视组(-6.0 D≤SE<-3.0 D)和高度近视组(SE<-6.0 D)。统一纳入右眼数据进行分析。采用独立样本t检验、单因素方差分析及线性回归模型分析IOP与屈光度的关系。结果:所有受检者的IOP为(15.06±3.40)mmHg,SE为(-1.36±2.08)D。低、中和高IOP水平组的近视屈光度逐渐增大,差异有统计学意义(F=3.863,P=0.021)。低IOP水平组的SE为(-1.22±1.96)D,明显低于高IOP水平组[(-1.52±2.22)D](P=0.021)。不同屈光不正类别的IOP比较,差异有统计学意义(F=2.695,P=0.029)。远视组的IOP最低[(14.77±3.31)mmHg],高度近视组的IOP最高[(16.32±3.55)mmHg],2组的IOP相差1.55 mmHg(P=0.047)。以IOP为因变量,校正相关因素后的线性回归模型中,显示较高的IOP与较高的近视程度明显相关(β=-0.168,P=0.013)。结论:较高的眼压与较高的近视程度明显相关,眼压在儿童青少年近视发展过程中可能发挥作用,但因果关系仍需进一步研究。Objective:To study the relationship between intraocular pressure(IOP)and myopic refractive error in children.Methods:This was a cross-sectional study.A total of 2126 grade 6 primary school students from the Anyang Childhood Eye Study,with an average age of 12.2±0.4 years,were included.The study was conducted in Anyang,Henan Province,from March to July 2017.Cycloplegic refraction was measured using an autorefractor,and spherical equivalent(SE)was calculated.IOP was examined by non-contact tonometry.Ocular biometry,including axial length,central corneal thickness,anterior chamber depth,and lens thickness,was measured using Lenstar LS900.IOP levels were divided into low(IOP<14 mmHg),moderate(14 mmHg≤IOP≤16 mmHg),and high(IOP>16 mmHg)using population tertiles.Emmetropia was def ined as SE between-0.5 and+0.5 D,hyperopia as greater than+0.5 D,and myopia as SE less than-0.5 D.Low myopia was defined as-0.5 D≤SE<-3.0 D,moderate myopia as-6.0 D≤SE<-3.0 D,and high myopia as SE<-6.0 D.Only the data for the right eye was used.The relationship between IOP and refractive errors was analyzed using an independent samples t-test,analysis of variance(ANOVA)with a post hoc Scheffétest and linear regression analysis.Results:The IOP of all subjects was 15.06±3.40 mmHg,and the SE was-1.36±2.08 D.The myopic refractive error in the low,moderate and high IOP level groups gradually increased and the difference was statistically significant(F=3.863,P=0.021).The SE(-1.22±1.96 D)in the low IOP level group was significantly lower than the SE(-1.52±2.22 D)in the high IOP level group(P=0.021).The difference in IOP among different categories of refractive errors was statistically significant(F=2.695,P=0.029).The lowest IOP was 14.77±3.31 mmHg in the hyperopia group,and the highest IOP was 16.32±3.55 mmHg in the high myopia group.The IOP difference between the two groups was 1.55 mmHg(P=0.047).Using IOP as the dependent variable,the linear regression model after adjusting for other covariates showed that a higher IOP was significa

关 键 词：眼压 近视 儿童 

分 类 号：R778.11[医药卫生—眼科]