主体神话:伊藤虎丸的鲁迅论  

Myth of the Subject:Lu Xun Studies by Toramaru Ito

作　　者：韩琛[1] Han Chen(School of Liberal Arts,Qingdao University,Qingdao 266071,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛大学文学院,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《东方论坛（青岛大学学报）》2020年第5期23-41,共19页Eastern Forum（JOURNAL OF QINGDAO UNIVERSITY）

基　　金：国家社会科学基金后期资助项目“作为方法的日本鲁迅研究:从竹内好到伊藤虎丸”(16FZW034)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：作为日本鲁迅研究的重要学者,伊藤虎丸直面战后日本的民主主义危机,其鲁迅论故此带有强烈的现实感与批判性。在伊藤虎丸看来,人的观念的动摇是现代危机根源,重建个人主体是解决危机的途径,鲁迅则是发明新主体的思想资源。伊藤虎丸是反实体论的机能主义者,但他以鲁迅为方法形成的东亚主体论,却自陷于原初主义的实体论逻辑,从而导致一种反实体论的实体论。现代以来,东亚启蒙运动不断发明出各类主体,然其往往作为诸种新名教神话之一,成为现代专制主义的历史注脚。主体自由也许源自个人对于其独特性的最高信仰,却实现于彼此达成有关自由权利的最低共识,在个人权利这片人类洼地上,应该划出一块不可触犯的领域,让置身其中的小我免于任何侵扰,从而拥有真正的自由。As an important scholar who studies Lu Xun in Japan,Toramaru Ito confronted the crisis of democracy in Japan after the war,and his Lu Xun theory therefore had a strong sense of reality.In his opinion,the wavering of human concept is the root of modern crisis,so the reconstruction of individual subject is the way to solve the crisis,and Lu Xun is the ideological resource to invent the new subject.Toramaru Ito is a functionalist of anti-ontology theory,but his East Asian ontology formed by studying Lu Xun falls into the logic of primitivist ontology,which leads to a kind of anti-ontology theory.Since modern times,the East Asian Enlightenment has continuously invented various subjects,which often become the historical footnote of modern absolutism as one of the myths of various new famous religions.Freedom of the subject comes from the highest belief in the uniqueness of the individual,but is achievedthrough the lowest consensus on the right to freedom.In this human depression,individual rights should be marked out as an inviolable area,where the ego is free from any intrusionso as to be truly free.

关 键 词：鲁迅 伊藤虎丸 主体 群己权界 新名教 

分 类 号：I210.96[文学—中国文学]