已婚情境中的企业家精神与创业意愿关系研究  

Impact of Entrepreneurial Spirit on Entrepreneurial Intention in Married Situations

作　　者：张建民[1] 顾春节 李亚玲[1] ZHANG Jian-min;GU Chun-jie;LI Ya-ling(School of Business and Tourism Management,Yunnan University,Kunming Yunnan 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]云南大学工商管理与旅游管理学院,昆明650500

出　　处：《西北人口》2020年第6期52-64,共13页Northwest Population Journal

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(18XJY005);云南省哲学社会科学规划项目(YB2017018);云南大学国家社科基金培育项目(18YNUGSP054)。

摘　　要：已婚人口是创业活动的主体。基于情境激活框架,首先探讨已婚情境如何与人格特质协同影响该群体的创业意愿,然后运用中国综合社会调查2015年的调查数据,对企业家精神所涉及的两个重要人格特质(创新性与冒险倾向)与创业意愿之间的关系进行实证分析,并着重考察已婚情境(配偶收入水平、是否拥有未成年子女)在其间的调节作用。结果表明,创新性与冒险倾向均对创业意愿有显著正向影响,其中,创新性对创业意愿的影响受到已婚情境调节,在配偶收入水平较高、家无未成年子女时表现最强。研究还提示,已婚情境中存在情境驱动和特质驱动两种创业类型,前者多出现在情境不利时,后者多发生在情境有利时。应尽可能帮助已婚群体营造宽松有利的家庭环境,激活其创新特质,促进其高质量创业。Married individuals are overrepresented among the entrepreneurs.Based on the trait activation theory framework,this paper first theoretically analyzes how married situations,coupled with personality traits,affect entre⁃preneurial intention,and then,using the data from Chinese General Social Survey 2015,examines the associations be⁃tween two important personality traits-innovativeness and risk propensity,both vital to entrepreneurial spirit,and en⁃trepreneurial intention(EI),and more importantly,how married situation(spouse’s income and minor child pres⁃ence)moderates the influence of the traits on EI.Results show that innovativeness and risk propensity are both posi⁃tively related to EI.The effect of innovativeness on EI is positively moderated by married situations,with the effect strongest for individuals whose spouse’s income is higher and who has no minor children.The findings also suggest that there might be two types of entrepreneurship in married situations:driven by situation and driven by personality traits.The former is more likely to appear when the situation is disadvantageous while the latter is more likely to hap⁃pen when the situation is favorable.It is advisable to help married individuals create a favorable environment,so as to activate their innovativeness and build high-quality entrepreneurship.

关 键 词：创业意愿 创新性 已婚情境 配偶收入 未成年子女 特质激活 

分 类 号：F272.91[经济管理—企业管理]