推进剂组分对固体燃料冲压发动机性能的影响  

Influence of propellant composition on performance of solid fuel ramjet

作　　者：邱爽 苏莹莉 杨海涛[1,3] 陈雄 周长省[1] QIU Shuang;SU Yingli;YANG Haitao;CHEN Xiong;ZHOU Changsheng(School of Mechanical Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,China;Shanghai Aircraft Design and Research Institute,Commercial Aircraft Corporation of China Limited,Shanghai 201210,China;System Engineering Institute of Sichuan Aerospace,China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation,Chengdu 610100,China)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学机械工程学院,南京210094 [2]中国商用飞机有限责任公司,上海飞机设计研究院,上海201210 [3]中国航天科技集团有限公司,四川航天系统工程研究所,成都610100

出　　处：《航空动力学报》2020年第9期1995-2005,共11页Journal of Aerospace Power

摘　　要：为研究不同组分推进剂对固体燃料冲压发动机(SFRJ)燃烧性能的影响,以添加了石蜡、炭黑以及炭纤维的聚乙烯(PE)为推进剂,采用连管点火实验装置对SFRJ进行了研究。用扫描电镜观测了燃烧后的燃面形貌。用三维扫描仪和数据重构方法获得了燃速三维分布。根据实验所获数据进一步计算得到不同工况下SFRJ工作性能参数。结果表明:加入5%的炭纤维会阻碍聚乙烯基推进剂燃烧表面的机械剥蚀,影响热解过程,使其无法自持燃烧。通过燃速三维分布发现了开尔文-亥姆霍兹不稳定现象。在聚乙烯基推进剂中添加炭黑和石蜡均能够提高燃速,石蜡影响更明显。石蜡质量分数为30%、50%以及纯石蜡的推进剂比聚乙烯分别提高了37.5%、51.4%和544%。最后拟合得到了聚乙烯基推进剂平均燃速与石蜡质量分数呈指数递增关系。In order to investigate the influence of different component propellants on the performance of solid fuel ramjet(SFRJ), experiments were conducted on connected pipe facility for ignition of a SFRJ using polyethylene(PE) with paraffin, carbon black and carbon fiber as propellant. The combustion surface morphology was observed by SEM. The three-dimensional distribution of regression rate was obtained by using three-dimensional scanner and data reconstruction method. According to the data obtained from the experiment, the performance parameters of SFRJ under different working conditions were further calculated. Results indicated that: addition of 5% Carbon fiber could hinder the mechanical erosion of combustion surface of the polyethylene-based propellant and affect the pyrolysis process, making it impossible for self-sustaining combustion. The Kelvin-Helmholtz instability was found through the three-dimensional distribution of burning rate. Adding carbon black and paraffin to the polyethylene-based propellant could improve the regression rate, and the influence of paraffin was more obvious. The mass fraction of paraffin of 30%, 50% paraffin and pure paraffin were 37.5%, 51.4% and 544% higher than those of PE respectively. Finally, the relationship between the average regression rate of the polyethylene-based propellant and the mass fraction of paraffin was obtained.

关 键 词：固体燃料冲压发动机(SFRJ) 聚乙烯(PE) 推进剂组分 燃速 燃烧性能 

分 类 号：V435.21[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]