琼中地区中小学生2014—2017年维生素A营养状况  

Survey of vitamin A nutritional status of primary and secondary school students in Qiongzhong,2014-2017

作　　者：张冰 易聪[1] 曹莉[1] ZHANG Bing;YI Cong;CAO Li(School of Public Health,Hainan Medical College,Haikou(571199),China)

机构地区：[1]海南医学院公共卫生学院,海口571199

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2020年第10期1482-1484,共3页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：海南省学生营养健康状况监测评估项目;国家自然科学基金项目(81860577)。

摘　　要：目的了解海南省实施"农村义务教育学生营养改善计划"(以下简称"学生营养计划")琼中地区中小学生维生素A水平,为学生营养改善工作后续的实施提供建议。方法采用多阶段整群抽样方法,在海南省琼中县抽取实施"学生营养计划"的初中和小学各3所,以从各年级随机抽取1~2个班的学生作为调查对象,分别于2014年3月、2015年11月、2016年12月和2017年12月采集空腹静脉血5 m L,采用高效液相色谱法检测血清维生素A(视黄醇)水平。结果2014—2017年中小学生维生素A水平分别为(358.77±88.44)(333.54±81.91)(345.84±86.08)和(370.70±87.94)μg/L,维生素A亚临床缺乏率分别为22.3%,31.6%,27.9%,18.0%。小学生维生素A水平分别为(332.92±71.80)(315.34±73.41)(327.44±77.02)(356.84±80.88)μg/L,初中生分别为(412.20±95.56)(383.20±83.53)(396.63±89.48)(411.60±95.14)μg/L,各年度差异均有统计学意义(F值分别为26.43,4.01,P值均<0.05);小学生维生素A水平、维生素A亚临床缺乏率无论男女各年度差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。不同学段、性别学生维生素A缺乏率和亚临床缺乏率各年度差异均无统计学意义(χ2值分别为0.85,2.08,1.40,2.36,P值均>0.05)。结论海南省琼中地区实施"学生营养计划"对改善学生维生素A营养状况效果显著。建议继续加强干预,加大相关营养知识宣传力度。Objective To understand vitamin A level of middle and primary school students in Qiongzhong Area in Hainan Province implementing the " Nutritional Compulsory Education Student Nutrition Improvement Plan"( hereinafter referred to as "Student Nutrition Plan"),and to provide suggestions for the follow-up implementation of student nutrition improvement work.Methods The multi-stage cluster sampling method was used to select three junior high schools and elementary schools in Qiongzhong County,Hainan Province,and students from 1-2 classes from each grade were randomly selected as survey objects. In March2014,November 2015,December 2016 and December 2017,fasting venous blood was collected from students and serum vitamin A( Retinol) levels were detected by high-performance liquid chromatography. Results From 2014 to 2017,vitamin A levels were( 358.77±88.44)( 333.54±81.91)( 345.84±86.08)( 370.70±87.94) μg/L respectively,the subclinical deficiency rate of vitamin A were 22.3%,31.6%,27.9%,18.0%,the vitamin A level of elementary school students were( 332.92±71.80)( 315.34±73.41)( 327.44±77.02)( 356.84±80.88) μg/L,the vitamin A level of junior high school students were( 412.20±95.56)( 383.20±83.53)( 396.63±89.48)( 411.60±95.14) μg/L,the difference were statistically significant by year( F = 26.43,4.01,P<0.05);vitamin A level and vitamin A subclinical rate of primary school students showed differences by year in both gender. The deficiency rate was statistically significant regardless of the annual difference between men and women( P<0.05);there was no statistically significant difference in the annual rate of vitamin A deficiency and sub-clinical vitamin A deficiency among junior high school students of different grades and genders( χ2= 0.85,2.08,1.40,2.36,P> 0.05). Conclusion The implementation of " Student Nutrition Plan" in Qiongzhong area of Hainan Province shows pasitive effect on the vitamin A nutritional status of students. It’s suggested that prevention should be further strengthened,and nutrition kn

关 键 词：营养状况 维生素A 维生素A缺乏 色谱法 液相 血清 学生 

分 类 号：R151[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学] R153.2[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]