基于结构方程模型的高校艾滋病健康教育实施效果研究  

Study on the effect of AIDS health education in universities based on structural equation model

作　　者：林荣[1] 程晓松[1] 姜聚军 薛建 于相冬 孙皓钰 王茂波[1] LIN Rong;CHENG Xiaosong;JIANG Jujun;XUE Jian;YU Xiangdong;SUN Haoyu;WANG Maobo(Department of AIDS Control and Prevention,Yantai City Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Yantai(264003),Shandong Province,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省烟台市疾病预防控制中心艾滋病防制科,264003

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2020年第10期1485-1487,共3页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：山东省医药卫生科技发展计划项目(2017WS391);烟台市科技计划项目(2016WS058)。

摘　　要：目的采用结构方程模型分析在青年学生中利用新媒体开展艾滋病健康教育的效果,为制定有针对性的高校艾滋病防治策略提供科学依据。方法采用分层随机整群抽样方法,抽取烟台市4所高校2 561名学生,随机分为干预组(1 289名)和对照组(1 272名)开展问卷调查,并对干预组开展形式多样的新媒体艾滋病防治健康教育,利用结构方程模型进行数据分析。结果干预后对照组和干预组学生艾滋病防治知识知晓率分别为85.9%和94.0%(χ2=46.67,P <0.01)。结构方程模型拟合较好,修正后拟合指数分别为RMSEA=0.04,GFI=0.97,AGFI=0.96,IFI=0.97,CFI=0.98。新媒体干预对预防信息和预防动机的直接效应分别为0.30和0.65,信息和动机对预防行为的影响主要是通过行为技巧的间接作用,标化的总体效应分别为0.09和0.29,行为技巧对预防行为的总体效应为0.80,是影响艾滋病预防行为的主要因素。结论利用新媒体在青年学生中开展艾滋病健康教育效果显著。应把动机提升作为开展工作的新突破点,通过信息、动机、行为技巧等方面促进青年学生艾滋病预防行为的发生。Objective Based on the information-motivation-behavioral skills( IMB) model theory,the structural equation model( SEM) was used to analyze the effect of using new media to carry out AIDS health education among young students. Methods Stratified random cluster sampling method was used to select 2 561 students from four colleges in Yantai to conduct a questionnaire survey,and to carry out various forms of new media AIDS health education for the intervention group. Data were analyzed with structural equation model. Results After intervention,the awareness rate of AIDS were 85.9% and 94.0% respectively( χ2= 46.67,P<0.01). The structural equation model fits well,and the fitted indices were: RMSEA = 0.04,GFI = 0.97,AGFI = 0.96,IFI = 0.97,CFI = 0.98. The direct effects of new media interventions on prevention information and prevention motivation were 0.30 and 0.65 respectively. The influence of information and motivation on preventive behavior was mainly reflected through the indirect effect of behavioral skills. The overall effects of standardization were 0.09 and 0.29 respectively. The overall effect of behavioral skills on preventive behavior was 0.80,which was the main factor affecting HIV prevention behavior. Conclusion The use of new media to carry out AIDS health education among young students had a significant effect. Motivation promotion should be used as a new breakthrough point for future work,and information,motivation,and behavioral skills should be used to promote the prevention of AIDS prevention among young students.

关 键 词：模型 结构 获得性免疫缺陷综合征 健康教育 干预性研究 学生 

分 类 号：G647.9[文化科学—高等教育学] R512.91[文化科学—教育学]