从近代传教士文献看广州方言词“番/ 翻”  

A Study of the Word“Fan”in Cantonese Dialect from Modern Missionary Literatures

作　　者：黄雪晴[1] Huang Xueqing(Department of Chinese language and Literature,Wuhan University Of Technology,Wuhan Hubei 430070)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学汉语言文学系,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《语言科学》2020年第5期493-501,共9页Linguistic Sciences

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目(17BYY072)资助。

摘　　要：广州方言中的“番/翻”与普通话不同,主要表示“返还、回归”等趋向义,属于趋向动词。这一用法在清末民初传教士编写的粤语文献中已有记载,同时呈现出语法化态势。其语法化路径为:“返还、回归”义趋向动词—趋向补语—动态助词—动态助词兼语气助词。从语源上来看,“番”“翻”意义相关,直到元明时期仍有通用现象,“翻”与“返”的同源字“反”也从中古开始通用,这是广州话“番/翻”通用并表“返还、回归”义的源头。“Fan”(番/翻)in Cantonese dialect has a different usage from Putonghua.In Cantonese it is a directional verb,whose main meanings are directional such as“give back”and“come back”.Such usage of“fan”(番/翻)had been recorded in Cantonese literature complied by missionaries in the late Qing dynasty and the early Republic of China,which had also recorded its grammaticalization.The path of its grammaticalization is from directional verb(“give back”and“come back”)to directional complement to dynamic auxiliary to dynamic auxiliary and modal particle.From the angle of etymology,on one hand“fan”(翻)and“fan”(番)are related,and had been confused with“fan”(番)until Yuan and Ming dynasty,on the other had“fan”(翻)had been confused with“fan”(反)the Cognate Character of“fan”(返)from the middle age,which is the reason why now in Cantonese“fan”(番/翻)could interchange with each other and both mean‘give back’or‘come back’.

关 键 词：广州方言 番/翻 语法化 

分 类 号：H178[语言文字—汉语]