基于生态足迹模型的吉林省水资源可持续利用评价  

Evaluation of sustainable water resources utilization in Jilin Province based on the ecological footprint model

作　　者：朱光磊 赵春子[1] 朱卫红[1] 佟守正[2] ZHU Guanglei;ZHAO Chunzi;ZHU Weihong;TONG Shouzheng(School of Geography and Marine Science,Yanbian University,Yanji 133002,China;Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130102,China)

机构地区：[1]延边大学地理与海洋科学学院,吉林延吉133002 [2]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,长春130102

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报》2020年第9期131-143,共13页Journal of China Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41361015);吉林省科学技术厅自然科学重大项目(20180101002JC);吉林省科学技术厅项目(612016099)。

摘　　要：针对吉林省水资源可持续利用情况和用水压力问题,采用生态足迹模型,从时空角度对吉林省水资源生态足迹进行分析。结果表明:从时间上看,2004—2018年期间,吉林省水资源生态足迹呈先上升后下降趋势,水资源生态承载力受年降水量的影响,波动变化明显;全省总体水资源利用效率逐年提高,但最主要的农业用水形式仍处于水环境危险状态;从空间上看,2017年吉林省水资源生态足迹较高的区域集中在中西部城市,水资源生态承载力较高地区为东部城市;各市(州)中,白城市水资源生态亏损严重且水生态安全状况较差,白山市和延边州的水资源储备充足,开发潜力较大;全省水环境安全整体态势良好,但区域间水环境状况差异较大。因此,吉林省水资源存在短缺现象,政府部门应结合自身发展的实际情况,从农业、工业和生态环境等用水方面做出相应举措,以期实现吉林省水资源的可持续发展与利用。Aiming at the status of sustainable utilization of water resources and problem of water pressure in Jilin Province,an ecological footprint model was adopted to analyze the ecological footprint of water resources in Jilin Province from the perspective of time and space.The results showed that:In terms of time,the ecological footprint of water resources in Jilin Province showed an upward trend and then a downward trend from 2004 to 2018;The ecological carrying capacity of water resources was affected by annual precipitation,and the fluctuations were obvious;The province’s overall water resource utilization efficiency increased year by year.However,the main form of agricultural water use was still in a dangerous state of the water environment.From the spatial point of view,regions with higher water resources ecological footprint in Jilin Province on 2017 were concentrated in mid-western cities,and the regions with higher water resources ecological carrying capacity were mainly eastern cities;Among these cities,Baicheng City had serious water resource ecological losses and poor water ecological security status.Baishan City and Yanbian area had sufficient water resources reserves and large development potential.The overall situation of the province’s water environment security is good,but interregional water environmental conditions vary greatly.In conclusion,there is a shortage of water resources in Jilin Province,and the government should take into account the actual situation of their own development and make corresponding measures in terms of water use in agriculture,industry and ecological environment in order to achieve the sustainable development and utilization of water resources in Jilin Province.

关 键 词：水资源生态足迹 水资源生态承载力 空间分布 可持续利用 吉林省 

分 类 号：TV213.9[水利工程—水文学及水资源] X22[环境科学与工程—环境科学]