涵道螺旋桨地面效应试验与数值计算研究  

Ground Test and Numerical Simulation on Ground Effect of Ducted Propeller System

作　　者：邓阳平[1] 米百刚[1] 詹浩[1] 曹飞 DENG Yangping;MI Baigang;ZHAN Hao;CAO Fei(School of Aeronautics,Northwestern Polytechnial University,Xi′an 710072,China;Navigation and Control Technology Research Institute of Norinco Group,Beijing 100089,China)

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学航空学院,陕西西安710072 [2]中国兵器工业导航与控制技术研究所,北京100089

出　　处：《西北工业大学学报》2020年第5期1038-1046,共9页Journal of Northwestern Polytechnical University

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费(G2020KY05115)资助。

摘　　要：开展了载人垂直起降飞行器使用的涵道螺旋桨系统在地面效应影响下的气动特性分析研究工作。基于地面试验和结合滑移网格技术的CFD方法,对比分析了不同近地高度下的涵道螺旋桨拉力和功率特性,并通过CFD计算结果较为详细地揭示了地面效应的影响机理。结论表明,地面的存在形成了阻滞涵道出口喷流的高压区和向上的反弹气流,共同影响了整体的气动特性,使得系统的整体拉力减小,所需功率增大。受高压阻滞气流影响,螺旋桨拉力增大,而反弹涡环吸入唇口后,减小了涵道的拉力。随着近地高度的增大,地面效应影响减弱,且功率恢复较快,而整体拉力恢复相对滞后。综合来看,地面明显地影响了涵道螺旋桨系统近地悬停状态的气动效能,需要在进行气动和总体方案设计时予以重点考虑。The aerodynamic performances of a ducted propeller system applied in a manned vertical takeoff and landing aircraft considering the ground effect are investigated.Based on the ground test and CFD simulation com⁃bined with sliding mesh technique,the thrust and power characteristics of the ducted propeller under different heights between the duct and ground are compared and analyzed,and the influence mechanism of the ground effect on the aerodynamic performance of the ducted propeller is detailed analyzed based on the CFD simulation results.The test and simulation results show that,the ground near the ducted propeller leads to a high⁃pressure zone to block the jet flow through the outlet of the duct,while an upward rebounded flow with the vortex rings is also gener⁃ated to affect the aerodynamic forces and powers of both the duct and propeller.As the influence of the high⁃pres⁃sure zone,the thrust of the propeller increases.However,the thrust of the duct decreases when the rebounded flow is inhaled again into the duct.With the increase of the heights between the ground and the ducted propeller,the ground effect is weakened,and the power of the system recovers more quickly than the thrust.In general,the ground effect seriously affect the aerodynamic efficiency of the ducted propeller in near ground hover state,which should be mainly considered in the process of aerodynamic and conceptual design.

关 键 词：涵道 螺旋桨 流场特性 数值模拟 地面效应 滑移网格 计算流体力学 地面试验 

分 类 号：V211.3[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]