西红花球茎休眠阶段生理生化变化研究  

Physiological and Biochemical Changes of Crocus sativus Corms during Dormancy Stages

作　　者：刘钰萍 胡静[1] 谭谨 魏担 耿福昌 吴清华[1] 裴瑾[1] LIU Yu-ping;HU Jing;TAN Jin;WEI Dan;GENG Fu-chang;WU Qing-hua;PEI Jin(College of Pharmacy,Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine/State Key Laboratory for the SystematicResearch,Devel-opment and Utilization of Traditional Chinese MedicineResources,Chengdu 611137,China;Gooddoctor Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd.,Mianyang 622650,China)

机构地区：[1]成都中医药大学药学院/中药资源系统研究与开发利用国家重点实验室培育基地,四川成都611137 [2]好医生药业集团有限公司,四川绵阳622650

出　　处：《中药材》2020年第2期264-269,共6页Journal of Chinese Medicinal Materials

基　　金：中新合作西红花国际质量标准提升项目(2018HH0094)。

摘　　要：目的:考查休眠期间西红花生理生化指标的动态变化,为球茎休眠阶段采取有效处理措施,缩短室内培育时间,相对延长营养繁殖时间,提高西红花球茎繁殖率提供科学依据。方法:将置于适宜生长环境的西红花球茎进行11周生理生化指标的测定,包括SOD、POD、CAT三种抗氧化酶,ABA、GA3、IAA、ZT四种内源激素及可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、淀粉三种营养物质,分析了2017、2018年两年相同试验期间各指标的变化规律。结果:西红花球茎休眠期间(1~8周),POD、SOD、CAT、GA3、IAA、ZT及淀粉指标呈下降趋势,ABA、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白含量总体呈上升趋势,IAA/ABA、GA3/ABA、ZT/ABA比值及可溶性蛋白含量在5周左右明显升高;休眠解除期间(9~11周),POD、SOD、CAT、GA3、IAA、ZT指标呈上升趋势,ABA、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白呈下降趋势,IAA/ABA、GA3/ABA、ZT/ABA比值持续升高。结论:POD主要调控西红花球茎休眠初始阶段,CAT、SOD主要调控休眠解除阶段,IAA/ABA、GA3/ABA及ZT/ABA升高对西红花球茎生长有促进作用,反之则具有抑制作用,5~8周休眠程度减弱,是西红花球茎休眠解除的关键时期。Objective:To investigate the dynamic variation rule of the physiological and biochemical indexes of Crocus sativus during dormancy,so as to provide scientific basis for the effective treatment of Crocus sativus during dormancy,shortening the time of indoor cultivation,prolonging the time of vegetative reproduction and improving the reproductive rate of Crocus sativus.Methods:The physiological and biochemical indexes of Crocus sativus corms placed in suitable growth environment were determined for 11 weeks,including three antioxidant enzymes(SOD,POD and CAT),four endogenous hormones(ABA,GA3,IAA and ZT)and three nutrients(soluble sugar,soluble protein and starch).The change rules of each index during the same trial period in 2017 and 2018 were analyzed.Results:During the dormancy period(1 to 8 weeks)of Crocus sativus corms,the indexes of POD,SOD,CAT,GA3,IAA,ZT and starch decreased,while the contents of ABA,soluble sugar and soluble protein increased,IAA/ABA,GA3/ABA,ZT/ABA ratios and soluble protein content increased significantly at about 5 weeks.During the release of dormancy(9 to 11 weeks),the indicators of POD,SOD,CAT,GA3,IAA and ZT showed an upward trend,while ABA,soluble sugar and soluble protein contents showed a downward trend.The ratios of IAA/ABA,GA3/ABA and ZT/ABA continued to increase.Conclusion:POD mainly regulates the initial stage of Crocus sativus corms in dormancy,CAT and SOD mainly regulate the stage of relieving dormancy.The increases of ratios of IAA/ABA,GA3/ABA and ZT/ABA promote the growth of Crocus sativus corms,but they are inhibited the growth of Crocus sativus corms when they decrease.The degree of dormancy decreases in 5 to 8 weeks,and it is the key period that Crocus sativus corm dormancy breaks off.

关 键 词：西红花球茎 休眠 酶活力 内源激素 淀粉 可溶性蛋白 可溶性糖 

分 类 号：R282.2[医药卫生—中药学]