农用塑料薄膜使用现状与环境污染分析  

The Usage and Environmental Pollution of Agricultural Plastic Film

作　　者：马兆嵘 刘有胜 张芊芊 应光国 Ma Zhaorong;Liu Yousheng;Zhang Qianqian;Ying Guangguo(School of Environment,South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510006,China;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety&MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment,South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510006,China)

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学环境学院,广州510006 [2]广东省化学品污染与环境安全重点实验室&环境理论化学教育部重点实验室,华南师范大学,广州510006

出　　处：《生态毒理学报》2020年第4期21-32,共12页Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(41877359)。

摘　　要：农用塑料薄膜(农膜)作为设施农业中重要的生产资料,在促进农业增产和增收方面发挥了重要作用,为我国农业发展做出了重大贡献。我国农膜使用量巨大且逐年不断增加,20多年来年使用量已增长4.05倍,从1991年的64.2万t增长到2017年的252.8万t。农膜的长期大量使用和缺乏有效的回收处理已导致“白色污染”加剧。本文介绍了农膜种类、组成成分和使用状况,分析了农膜造成的环境污染及其生态效应。提出了农膜的生产标准制定、正确使用以及有效的回收处理与再利用是降低农膜环境污染的主要方法,对农膜环境污染防控和构建农业生态环境平衡具有重要意义。As an important material in facility agriculture,agricultural plastic film has played an important role in improving agricultural production and income,and has made significant contributions to China’s agricultural development.In China,huge agricultural films are used and their amount still increases yearly.The annual usage amount of these films has increased by 4.05 times in the past 20 years,from 0.642 million tons in 1991 to 2.528 million tons in 2017.The long-term use and ineffective recycling of agricultural film have led to more serious“white pollution”.This paper reviewed the types,composition and use of agricultural film,and analyzed the environmental pollution caused by agricultural film and its ecological effects.It was concluded that the manufacturing standard,sound use and effective recycling and reuse of agricultural film are the main measures to reduce their environmental pollution,which would be of great significance for prevention and control of agricultural film pollution in order to protect environment and balance of agri-ecological environment.

关 键 词：农用塑料薄膜 使用量 残膜污染 生态效应 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]