“人间烟火”的景象迁移与“现实图景”的双向建构——新冠肺炎疫情下短视频与拟态环境重构  

The“Human Fireworks”Scene Migration and The Two-way Construction of“Realistic Prospect”

作　　者：冷凇[1] Leng Song

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院新闻与传播研究所

出　　处：《新闻与传播研究》2020年第9期111-125,128,共16页Journalism & Communication

摘　　要：新冠肺炎疫情期间,各类短视频平台成为广大“宅”家大众与战“疫”主角主要的休闲娱乐“去处”与信息共享“场所”,弥漫着人间烟火、抗疫风采的短视频记录着大众的各有所需、各得所获。短视频承载着“人间烟火”的景象迁移,展示出特色化的内容品类与平台生态,重新建构出拟态环境的显著景象,体现在场景的聚集性与事件的聚焦性两个维度。大众从认知与行为层面作用于客观环境,双向建构着现实图景。作为多元文化相互作用的集合体,短视频在拟态环境的建构上存在对抗性矛盾与冲突:前台与后台的遮显;内容与形式的游移,自我与模仿的摇摆;本真与假象的取舍,宏大与个体的盈缺;直观与错判的起伏,严肃与娱乐的喜厌。沉溺于拟态环境之中,大众更易产生心理的空虚感、认知的差异感、行为的不适感。完善用户与内容生态,更加符合现实环境内人们高度关注和感兴趣的内容消费逻辑是拟态环境建构的优化策略。During the COVID-19 epidemic,various short video platforms have become the main entertainment“destinations”and information sharing“places”for the majority of people at home and the public to fight against the epidemic.The short videos filled with human fireworks and anti-epidemic charm are like the magnificent“documentary live-action dramas”and“anti-epidemic Ukiyoe painting”,which vividly records the needs and gains of the masses.The short video carries the scene migration of“human fireworks”,showing the characteristic content categories and platform ecology,and reconstructing the remarkable scene of the mimic environment,which is reflected in the two dimensions of scene aggregation and event focus.The masses act on the objective environment from the aspects of cognition and behavior,constructing the realistic picture in both directions.As a collection of multicultural interactions,short videos have confrontational contradictions and conflicts in the construction of mimicry environments:the game of power and democracy,as well as the display of the foreground and the cover of the background;the drift of content and form,as well as the swing of self and imitation;the choice between true and false,as well as the lack of grandeur and the proliferation of individuals;the ups and downs of visual presentation and misjudgment,as well as dislike of serious content and love of entertaining content.Indulging in a mimicry environment,people are more likely to have psychological emptiness,cognitive differences,and behavioral discomfort.Improving the user and content ecology and more in line with the content consumption logic of people's high attention and interest in the real environment is an optimization strategy for the construction of a mimic environment.

关 键 词：短视频 拟态环境 景象迁移 现实效用 建构矛盾 

分 类 号：G206[文化科学—传播学]