食用菌菌渣和白酒丢糟共堆肥过程中氮素变化及腐熟进程  

Nitrogen changes and maturity in the co-composting process of edible fungal residues and Baijiu’s waste spent grains

作　　者：刘林培 管秀琼 王洪 刘春 李俊 胡海军 LIU Linpei;GUAN Xiuqiong;WANG Hong;LIU Chun;LI Jun;HU Haijun(School of Biological Engineering,Sichuan University of Science&Engineering,Zigong 643000,China;Wuliangye Yibin Co.,Ltd.,Yibin 644000,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Sichuan University of Science&Engineering,Zigong 643000,China)

机构地区：[1]四川轻化工大学生物工程学院,四川自贡643000 [2]宜宾五粮液股份有限公司,四川宜宾644000 [3]四川轻化工大学机械工程学院,四川自贡643000

出　　处：《食品与发酵工业》2020年第21期188-194,共7页Food and Fermentation Industries

基　　金：四川轻化工大学研究生创新基金项目(Y2018062);五粮液集团公司-四川轻化工大学合作项目(CXY2019ZR014)。

摘　　要：以食用菌菌渣和白酒丢糟为原料进行共堆肥,研究堆肥过程中氮素变化及腐熟进程,根据前期试验结果,利用自制堆肥反应器按照食用菌菌渣与白酒丢糟的绝干质量比值为1∶4建立堆肥系统,进行了为期26 d的堆肥试验。结果表明,堆肥结束时,氨态氮含量相对堆肥初始时降低了23.21%,硝态氮含量相对堆肥初始时提高了121.08%,有机氮和总氮的含量相对堆肥初始时分别提高了24.56%和34.38%。以堆肥过程中相关参数:温度、色度、pH、电导率、有机质降解率、氨态氮、硝态氮、T值(堆肥终点C/N与初始C/N的比值)、水溶性有机碳及其与有机氮比值等判断,到堆肥结束(26 d)时,堆体已达完全腐熟标准。研究食用菌菌渣和白酒丢糟共堆肥对实现白酒丢糟和食用菌菌渣的资源化和堆肥化处理具有参考价值。Edible fungal residues and Baijiu’s waste spent grains were used as raw materials for co-composting,the nitrogen changes during the composting process and their maturation process were studied.Fungal residues and spent grains were mixed in a self-made compost reactor with a mass ratio of 1∶4 and fermented for 26 days,based on previous experiments.The results showed that,ammonia nitrogen content decreased by 23.21%,nitrate nitrogen content increased by 121.08%,while organic nitrogen and total nitrogen content increased by 24.56%and 34.38%,respectively.Furthermore,full maturity of the compost was achieved according to the following indexes:temperature,chroma,pH,conductivity,degradation rate of organic matter,ammonia nitrogen,nitrate nitrogen,T value,water-soluble organic carbon and its ratio to organic nitrogen.Therefore,it can be concluded that the co-composting is of practical value to the resource utilization and disposal of Baijiu’s waste spent grains and edible fungus residues.

关 键 词：白酒丢糟 食用菌菌渣 共堆肥 氮素 腐熟 

分 类 号：S141.4[农业科学—肥料学]