中老年人群视力损伤调查及危险因素分析  

Investigation and risk factors analysis of visual impairment in middle-aged and elderly people

作　　者：范小丽 王欣 朱珂珂 李伊 Fan Xiaoli;Wang Xin;Zhu Keke;Li Yi(Kaifeng Central Hospital,Kaifeng 475000,Henan,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]开封市中心医院开封眼病医院,河南开封475000 [2]开封大学医学部,河南开封475000

出　　处：《临床心身疾病杂志》2020年第5期110-113,共4页Journal of Clinical Psychosomatic Diseases

基　　金：开封市科技发展计划项目(编号1603008)。

摘　　要：目的探讨中老年人群眼盲、视力损伤状况及危险因素,为临床防治提供参考.方法将1328例≥50岁行眼科规范筛查患者中确诊为眼盲及中重度视力损伤的患者设为观察组(202例),正常或轻度损伤者设为对照组(1126例).统计两组一般资料(性别、年龄、受教育程度、职业、阅读习惯、看显示屏时间、家庭经济状况、医疗保险情况、可避免盲快速筛查史、高血压、糖尿病、心脏病、慢性疾病史、外伤及手术史、既往眼病史、家庭眼病遗传史),根据临床经验及文献资料对各指标进行危险程度赋值,对两组上述指标行单因素分析,差异有统计学意义的指标进行多因素Logistic分析.结果(1)入组1328例筛查对象中,眼盲及中重度视力损伤率为15.2%(202/1328)[中重度视力损伤占比为94.6%(191/202),眼盲5.4%(11/202)],原发眼病构成以白内障(44.1%)及屈光不正(15.3%)为主.(2)单因素分析显示,影响中老年眼盲及中重度视力损伤的相关因素有年龄、性别、高血压、糖尿病、既往眼病史、可避免盲快速筛查史、家庭经济状况(P<0.05或0.01).(3)多因素Logistic分析显示,年龄>65岁、女性、合并高血压、合并糖尿病是影响中老年眼盲、中重度视力损伤眼病的独立危险因素(P<0.05或0.01).结论中老年人群眼盲及中重度视力损伤率高,与患者年龄、性别及基础疾病关系密切.临床上应对中老年人群予以有针对性地眼病筛查,积极防治中老年眼盲及视力损伤的发生.Objective To explore the status of blindness,visual impairment and risk factors in middle-aged and elderly people,and provide references for clinical prevention and treatment.Methods 1328 pa-tients aged 50 years and over diagnosed with blindness and moderate to severe visual impairment were set as the observation group(202 cases),and normal or mild impairments were set as the control group(1126 cases).Analyze two groups of general information(gender,age,education level,occupation,reading habits,screen time,family economic status,medical insurance,avoidable blind rapid screening history,high blood pressure,diabetes,heart disease,chronic diseases History,trauma and surgery histo-ry,past eye disease history,family eye disease genetic history),according to clinical experience and litera-ture data,the risk degree of each index was assigned,and the two groups of the above indexes were ana-lyzed by single factor analysis.The multir factor logistic analysis was used for the indexes with statistical significance in the difference.Results(1)Among the 1328 screening subjects in this group,the rate of blindness and moderate to severe visual impairment was 15.2%(202/1328),the proportion of moderate and severe visual impairment was 94.6%(191/202),and blindness was 5.4%(11/202).The primary eye diseases consisted of cataract(44.1%)and refractive error(15.3%).(2)Single factor analysis showed that the relevant factors afecting middle-aged and elderly blindness and moderate to severe visual impairment include age,gender,hypertension,diabetes,previous eye disease history,history of rapid screening to avoid blindness,and family economic status(P<0.05 or 0.01).(3)Multivariate logistic analysis showed that age>65 years,female,combined with hypertension,and combined diabetes were independent risk factors for blindness in middle-aged and elderly patients with moderate to severe vision impairment(P<0.05 or 0.01).Conclusions The rate of blindness and moderate to severe visual impairment in the middle-aged and elderly population is high,whi

关 键 词：眼盲 视力损伤 中老年 危险因素 眼病筛查 

分 类 号：R771[医药卫生—眼科]