公立高校教师聘用合同的法律性质重审--基于控权论的立场  

Re-examination of the Legal Nature of the Employment Contract of Teachers in Public Universities:Based on the Standpoint of Power-Control Theory

作　　者：姚荣 YAO Rong(Institute of Higher Education,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062,China)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学高等教育研究所,上海200062

出　　处：《复旦教育论坛》2020年第5期33-39,共7页Fudan Education Forum

基　　金：中国高等教育学会2020年度重点委托课题“高校依法自主办学研究”(2020ZDWT09)。

摘　　要：在高校人才竞争加剧的背景下,受行政管制与市场调节两种制度逻辑彼此嵌套的影响,高校教师聘约义务的约定日趋多元、复杂和严苛,由此产生的法律争议不断增多。当前,法院的司法裁判倾向于支持高校聘约义务设定的自主权,而缺乏对教师择业自由和职业安全等合法权益的法律保障。公立高校教师人事争议案件中权利导向的缺失,源于劳动、人事关系“并轨”背景下法院对教师聘用合同法律性质的认知偏差。忽视学术职业的特殊性与公益性事业法人的公共属性,简单机械地适用劳动法领域的原理和法律技术,暗合了学术评价的“五唯”取向以及高校人事管理的“行政化”,不利于教师权利的法律救济。应以控权论为基本立场,增强高校聘用制改革的权利导向。通过高校内部治理的变革与司法审查立场的转变,进一步强化教师聘用合同作为特殊劳动合同的“特殊性”。Under the background of intensified competition for talents in universities,affected by the nesting of the two institutional logics of administrative control and market regulation,the shaping of university teacher's contractual obligations has become more diverse,complex,and stringent,and the resulting legal disputes have increased.At present,the judicial judgments of the courts tend to support the autonomy of universities'appointment obligations,but lack the legal protection of teachers'freedom of career choice and occupational safety.The lack of right orientation in the case of personnel disputes among teachers in public universities stems from the bias of the court's perception of the legal nature of teacher employment contracts in the context of the"unification"of labor relations and personnel relations.Ignoring the particularity of academic careers and the public welfare corporations,and applying the principles and legal techniques of labor law simply and mechanically,which are in line with the"five orientations"of academic evaluation and the"administrative tendency"of personnel management in universities,is harmful to legal remedies for teachers'rights.It is necessary to take the power-control theory as the basic position to strengthen the right orientation of the employment system reform in universities.Through the reforms of university internal governance and the change of judicial review position,it should further strengthen the"particularity"of teacher employment contracts as special labor contracts.

关 键 词：公立高校教师 聘用合同 法律性质 控权论 教师权利 

分 类 号：D922.52[政治法律—民商法学] G645.1[政治法律—法学]