明清新安医家治疗瘟疫用药规律探讨  

Discussion on Medication Rules from Xin ’an Doctors in the Treatment of Plague in Ming and Qing Dynasties

作　　者：郭锦晨 王茎 高兵 刘兰林[1] 赵永璐 Guo Jinchen;Wang Jing;Gao Bing;Liu Lanlin;Zhao Yonglu(Department of febrile diseases,Anhui university of traditional Chinese medicine,Hefei 230012;Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medical Education Department,Hefei 230038)

机构地区：[1]安徽中医药大学温病学教研室,合肥230012 [2]新安医学教育部重点实验室,合肥230038

出　　处：《中药药理与临床》2020年第4期35-40,共6页Pharmacology and Clinics of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划“新安医学传承与发展研究”(编号:2012BAI26B00);国家重点研发计划“中医药现代化”重点专项(编号:2019YFC1709201)。

摘　　要：目的:通过数据挖掘技术对明清新安医家治疗瘟疫用药规律进行探讨,以期传承学术特色,指导临床。方法:检索查阅新安医籍中有关新安医家治疗瘟疫的文献资料,构建方药数据库,利用Microsoft Excel 2010进行频次分析,通过SPSS Modeler 18.0、SPSS Statistics 22.0对处方药物进行关联规则、复杂网络、系统聚类及主成分因子分析。结果:82首处方涉及中药137味,归18大类,其中补虚药、清热药、解表药用药居多,高频药物为甘草、知母、麦冬、枳壳、黄芩、陈皮、生石膏等。关联规则分析得到二项关联组合30项,关联网络图显示柴胡、黄芩、枳壳、当归、生姜、甘草之间关系最密切。系统聚类共得到8组药物聚类组合。主成分因子分析共提取出12个公因子。结论:新安医家对疫病的辨治颇有特色,宜补、宜散、宜降三法贯彻瘟疫治疗的始终,用药不可峻伐猛攻,固护元气为要,"治湿须用燥,治燥须用湿",干涩之象,治以甘润,湿浊之症,多用苦辛。Objective: To explore the medication rules from Xin ’an doctors in Ming and Qing dynasties to treat plague through data mining, so as to inherit academic characteristics and guide clinical practice. Methods: The literature about Xin ’an doctors treating plague in Xin ’an medical books was searched, the prescription database was constructed. The frequency analysis was carried out by Microsoft Excel 2010. The correlation rules, complex networks, systematic clustering and principal component factor analysis of prescription drugs were carried out by SPSS Modeler 18.0 and SPSS Statistics 22.0. Results: The 82 prescriptions involved 137 kinds of traditional Chinese medicines, which were classified into 18 categories. Among them, Buxu drugs, Qingre drugs and Jiebiao drugs were mostly used. The drugs with high-frequency use were licorice, anemarrhena rhizome, dwarf lilyturf tuber, bitter orange, scutellaria baicalensis, dried orange peel, gypsum, etc. Association rule analysis showed 30 items of two association combinations, and association network diagram showed that Bupleurum root, scutellaria root, bitter orange, angelica root, ginger and liquorice were most closely related. 8 groups of drug clustering combinations were obtained by systematic clustering. Principal component factor analysis extracted 12 common factors. Conclusion: Xin ’an doctors have quite special characteristics in the treatment of epidemic diseases. Three methods of Bu, Sheng and Jiang should be carried during the entire treatment for epidemic diseases. Extremely rapid-onset drugs or strong drugs should not be used to treat the disease, and the main treatment principle is Guhuyuanqi, additionally, other principles should be paid attention, such as Zhishixuyongzao, Zhizaoxuyongshi, "Ganshezhixiang, zhiyiganrun" and "Shizhuozhizheng, duoyongkuxin".

关 键 词：新安医学 瘟疫 明清时期 数据挖掘 

分 类 号：R249[医药卫生—中医临床基础] R254.3[医药卫生—中医学]