康德从自由意志到自律行为的道德生成探析  

Analysis of Kant's Moral Generation from Free Will to Self-discipline

作　　者：张彭松[1] 郝思萌 ZHANG Peng-song;HAO Si-meng(Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江大学哲学学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《南华大学学报（社会科学版）》2020年第5期43-48,共6页Journal of University of South China(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“西方实践哲学传统与马克思实践哲学重建研究”资助(编号:14AZX003)。

摘　　要：作为康德哲学思想的重要组成部分,自由意志被认为是道德行为形成的前提,是人约束自身,为自身立法的内在根据。没有自由意志,就不可能形成自愿自觉遵守规范的道德意识。康德正是通过自由意志为自身行为立法,在实践理性的指导下追求作为至善的善良意志,并以此为基础建构普遍遵守的道德律,产生符合人自身的道德自律的行为,使真实的自由成为可能。康德的自由意志理论及其自律行为的道德生成,扭转了功利主义利益至上的社会风气,为人们生活中的自主选择,规范自身的行为,确立现代道德价值体系,奠定了重要的理论基石。As an important part of Kant's philosophy,free will is regarded as the premise of forming moral behavior and the internal basis for people to constrain themselves and legislate for themselves.Without free will,it is impossible to form a moral consciousness of voluntary and voluntary compliance with norms.It is through free will that Kant legislates his own behavior,pursues the good will as the goodness under the guidance of practical reason,and on this basis constructs the universally observed moral law,produces the behavior conforming to human’s own moral self-discipline,and makes the real freedom possible.Kant's theory of free will and the moral generation of his self-disciplined behavior have reversed the social trend of utilitarianism with interests first,and laid an important theoretical foundation for people to choose independently,regulate their own behaviors and establish a modern moral value system.

关 键 词：自由意志 善良意志 自律 

分 类 号：B82-0[哲学宗教—伦理学]