基于点云技术的预制装配构件尺寸检测研究  

Research on Dimension Detection of Prefabricated Components Based on Point Cloud Technology

作　　者：何光辉 李鑫奎 HE Guanghui;LI Xinkui(Shanghai Construction Group Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200080,China)

机构地区：[1]上海建工集团股份有限公司,上海200080

出　　处：《建筑施工》2020年第10期1982-1984,1988,共4页Building Construction

基　　金：住房和城乡建设部科研项目课题(2017-K9-009)。

摘　　要：随着预制装配式的发展,预制装配式构件的加工质量检测越来越重要,其中,激光三维扫描技术应用于预制构件的质量检测也越来越普遍。相对于激光三维扫描技术,基于图像的三维模型重建技术也在多领域得以应用。在传统的三维模型重建技术中,常利用点云数据还原测量对象的三维表面几何形状,但是这种方案的分析效率还有待提升。为此,建立了一种可避免点云数据转化为几何模型的算法,实现点云数据直接与设计几何模型的比对检测。通过利用设计几何模型的Delaunay三角化网格模型和基于kd树数据结构的快速最近邻点搜索算法,提出了空间点-空间三维对象距离的高效算法,同时建立了点云与空间三维对象关于点云平移距离旋转角度的最佳二次逼近的数值优化问题。通过不断优化,大大提高了运算速度和精度,为预制装配式构件生产商检验构件尺寸提供了一种有效的技术方案。With the development of prefabricated components,the quality inspection of prefabricated components becomes more and more important.Among them,the application of laser 3D scanning technology to the quality inspection of prefabricated components is more and more common.Compared with the laser 3D scanning technology,the image-based 3D model reconstruction technology has been applied to many fields.In the traditional 3D model reconstruction technology,the point cloud data is often used to restore the 3D surface geometry of the measured object,but the analysis efficiency of this scheme needs to be improved.Therefore,an algorithm to avoid the transformation of point cloud data into geometric model is established to realize the comparison and inspection between point cloud data and design geometric model directly.By using the Delaunay triangulation grid model of the design geometry model and the fast nearest neighbor search algorithm based on kd tree data structure,an efficient algorithm for the distance between spatial points and 3D objects is proposed.At the same time,the numerical optimization of the best quadratic approximation of Point cloud translation distance rotation angle of the point cloud and the spatial 3D object is established.Through continuous optimization,the calculation speed and accuracy are greatly improved,which provides an effective technical scheme for the prefabricated component manufacturer to inspect the component dimension.

关 键 词：点云 Delaunay网格 kd树数据结构 数值优化 尺寸检测 

分 类 号：TU17[建筑科学—建筑理论]