北方湖库沉积物重金属区域特征及生态风险评价  

Heavy metal regional characteristics and potential ecological risk assessment of lakes and reservoirs in North China.

作　　者：李捷[1,2,3] 宋鹏 李慧[1,2] 程云轩[1] 焦立新 李国栋 LI Jie;SONG Peng;LI Hui;CHENG Yun-xuan;JIAO Li-xin;LI Guo-dong(National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China;College of Agriculture,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471000,China;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control,State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Source Protection,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China)

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院,湖泊水污染治理与生态修复技术国家工程实验室,北京100012 [2]河南科技大学农学院,河南洛阳471000 [3]中国环境科学研究院,国家环境保护饮用水水源地保护重点实验室,国家环境保护湖泊污染控制重点实验室,北京100012

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2020年第11期4927-4935,共9页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家科技基础性工作专项(2015FY110900-005)。

摘　　要：以白洋淀、衡水湖、于桥水库、松花湖、大伙房水库和小兴凯湖沉积作为研究对象,通过对北方六湖库沉积物中Cu、Zn、Pb、Cr、Ni等重金属元素进行分析,并与国内外其他水域重金属污染情况进行多因素比较,探讨了六湖库主要重金属污染源的差异性,区域分布特征以及与国内外其他水域污染的相似性和区别.结果表明,六湖库沉积物重金属污染处于中等偏下水平.六湖库之间主要重金属污染源存在差别.沉积物重金属含量未出现明显上升的趋势.其中Zn、Pb存在富集现象,但Pb含量与历史数据相比出现下降,Zn的含量与其他地区相比整体偏高.大伙房水库沉积物重金属污染较重,Cu、Zn、Pb、Cr、Ni含量平均值分别为56.28,142.3,17.44,97.9,44.44mg/kg.小兴凯湖沉积物重金属含量最低,Cu、Zn、Pb、Cr、Ni含量平均值分别为2.41,63.90,13.37,56.36,26.09mg/kg.六湖库综合风险评价结果为大伙房水库>于桥水库>白洋淀>衡水湖>松花湖>小兴凯湖,重金属整体潜在生态风险指数为低.The sediments of Baiyangdian Lake,Hengshui Lake,Yuqiao Reservoir,Songhua Lake,Dahuofang Reservoir and Xiaoxingkai Lake were selected as research objects.The contents of heavy metal elements including Cu,Zn,Pb,Cr and Ni in the sediments of the six lakes and reservoirs were determined with descriptive statistical analysis combined with multi-factor comparison of heavy metal pollution in other waters at home and abroad.The significant differences between the major sources of heavy metal pollution in the six lakes and reservoirs,the accumulation of heavy metals in the sediments and the similarities and differences with other waters at home and abroad were discussed.Heavy metal pollution in the sediments of Baiyangdian Lake,Hengshui Lake,Yuqiao Reservoir,Songhua Lake,Dahuofang Reservoir and Xiaoxingkai Lake was at a moderate to low level.There were differences in the main pollution sources between the six lakes.The heavy metal content of the sediment did not show a clear upward trend.Sediment heavy metal(Zn,Pb)are enriched in the six lakes,But the Pb content decreased compared with historical data,and the zinc content is generally higher than other regions.Dahuofang Reservoir sediments had the most heavy metal pollution.The average values of Cu,Zn,Pb,Cr and Ni were 56.28mg/kg,142.3mg/kg,17.44mg/kg,97.9mg/kg,44.44mg/kg respectively.Xiaoxingkai Lake has the lowest heavy metal content.The average values of Cu,Zn,Pb,Cr and Ni are 2.41mg/kg,63.90mg/kg,13.37mg/kg,56.36mg/kg,26.09mg/kg respectively.Comprehensive risk assessment of the six lakes and reservoirs,Dahuofang Reservoir>Yuqiao Reservoir>Baiyangdian Lake>Hengshui Lake>Songhua Lake>Xiaoxingkai Lake.The overall potential ecological risk index of heavy metals is low.

关 键 词：湖库 沉积物 重金属 空间分布特征 生态风险 北方 

分 类 号：X131[环境科学与工程—环境科学]