森林环境中民用与专业级设备多模态定位精度比较研究  

Comparison on Multimodal Positioning Accuracy of Commercial and Professional Receiver in Forest Environment

作　　者：武红敢[1,2] 罗鹏 杨云风[3] 谢继会 张恒 WU Hong-gan;LUO Peng;YANG Yun-feng;XIE Ji-hui;ZHANG Heng(Research Institute of Forest Resource Information Techniques,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China;Laboratory of Forestry Remote Sensing and Information System,National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Beijing 100091,China;Beijing Hezhongsizhuang Technology Co.,Ltd,Beijing 100176,China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院资源信息研究所,北京100091 [2]国家林业和草原局林业遥感与信息技术实验室,北京100091 [3]北京合众思壮科技股份有限公司,北京100176

出　　处：《林业科学研究》2020年第5期170-176,共7页Forest Research

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目“基于北斗的林业野外多业务综合巡护协同技术研究(CAFYBB2017ZC001)”。

摘　　要：[目的]探究多种立地条件下中高郁闭度林分中民用(智能手机等)和专业级GNSS设备的定位精度差异,旨在改变森林环境下民用类定位设备应用泛滥的现状。[方法]采集了两种类型定位设备在森林环境中的GNSS信号,并定量计算了平面和垂直方向的定位误差,以及GNSS几何精度因子和信噪比等参数。[结果]通过1 min以上时长相关观测参数的平均值、极值、绝对误差的对比分析表明,专业机性能指标总体优于民用机,两者间天线和GNSS模块的差异是其根本原因。[结论]选用专业设备、单点求平均是满足林下高可靠性(优于5 m)定位需求的重要手段与方法,智能手机等民用级产品只适合森林环境中低可靠性(10 m左右)的概略定位作业要求。[Objective] To study the difference of performance between mapping-grade GNSS receivers and recreation-grade GNSS receivers in middle and high canopy density stands under various site conditions aiming at changing the current situation of the misusing commercial positioning equipment in the forest environment. [Method] The GNSS signals of the handheld receiver for forestry applications under various site conditions were collected. The positioning errors in horizontal and vertical directions were quantitatively analyzed. [Result] The differences of Geometric Dilution of Precision and signal-to-noise ratio were compared. The theoretical basis for the difference of GNSS module was given. [Conclusion] It is considered that the selection of professional receivers and single point average are important means to meet the conventional needs of positioning better than 5 m during leaf-on forest conditions. Commercial receivers such as smart phones are only suitable for the general positioning requirements of about 10 meters in the forest environment.

关 键 词：森林环境 GNSS性能 民用终端 专业终端 平面误差 垂直误差 

分 类 号：S771.8[农业科学—森林工程]