均匀电场作用下液滴动力学行为的研究  

Study on the Dynamic Behavior of Droplets in Uniform Electric Fields

作　　者：李典 王太 陈烁 谢英柏[1] 刘春涛[1] LI Dian;WANG Tai;CHEN Shuo;XIE Ying-Bai;LIU Chun-Tao(School of Energy Power and Mechanical Engineering,North China Electric Power University,Baoding 071003,China)

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学能源动力与机械工程学院,保定071003

出　　处：《工程热物理学报》2020年第11期2752-2755,共4页Journal of Engineering Thermophysics

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金(No.E2019502151);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(No.2018MS105,No.2015MS104)。

摘　　要：本文实验研究了均匀电场作用下液滴的动力学行为,分析了场强对液滴变形与破碎的影响。研究表明:场强较低时,液滴无变形;随场强增大,液滴发生纵向拉伸。起初液滴伸长较小,随后,液滴伸长明显,最终形成"泰勒锥"。当场强足够大时,液滴顶部出现破碎现象,破碎后的液滴顶部会暂时恢复成圆弧状,随时间推移继续发生伸长、破碎、恢复,成一个周期,该周期随场强增大而减小。在液滴变形中,液滴受到重力、电场力、毛细力及表面张力的作用,但起主要作用的为表面张力与电场力。In this paper,the dynamic behavior of droplets in uniform electric fields is experimentally studied,in which the effect of electric field intensity on droplet deformation and breakup is analyzed.The results show that the droplet has no significant deformation at the condition of low electric field intensity.With the increase of the electric field intensity,the droplet stretches along the vertical direction.At first the stretch of the droplet is small.Subsequently,the droplet stretches obviously and deforms into a"Taylor cone"shape.As the electric field intensity is large enough,the top of the droplet will break up.Subsequently,the droplet deforms into an arc shape.The stretch and break up continue,and the evolution period decreases with the increase of the electric field intensity.In the process of droplet deformation,the droplet is affected by gravity,electric field force,capillary force and surface tension,but the surface tension and electric field force play the major role.

关 键 词：液滴动力学 电场 可视化实验 泰勒锥 

分 类 号：TK123[动力工程及工程热物理—工程热物理]