云南西双版纳辣木果腐病病原鉴定  

Seed pod rot pathogen identification of Moringa oleifera in Xishuangbanna,Yunnan

作　　者：何英云 陈兴全[1] 张永科[3] 张祖兵[3] 徐万寿 黄美智 张传利 龙继明[3] 马丽宣 田洋 HE Ying-yun;CHEN Xing-quan;ZHANG Yong-ke;ZHANG Zu-bing;XU Wan-shou;HUANG Mei-zhi;ZHUANG Chuan-li;LONG Ji-ming;MA Li-xuan;TIAN Yang(College of Plant Protection,Yunnan Agriculture University,Kunming 650201,China;Horticulture Research Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming 650205,China;Yunnan Institute of Tropical Crops,Jinghong,Yunnan 666100,China;College of Tropical Crops,Yunnan Agricultural University,Pu’er,Yunnan 665000,China;Yunnan Plateau Characteristic Agriculture Industry Research Institute,Kunming 650201,China;Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biological Big Data,Kunming 650201,China;College of Food Science and Technology,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学植物保护学院,昆明650201 [2]云南省农业科学院园艺作物研究所,昆明650205 [3]云南省热带作物科学研究所,云南景洪666100 [4]云南农业大学热带作物学院,云南普洱665000 [5]云南省高原特色农业产业研究院,昆明650201 [6]云南省生物大数据重点实验室,昆明650201 [7]云南农业大学食品科学技术学院,昆明650201

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2020年第9期2160-2166,共7页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：云南省重点研发计划项目(2017ZF004);云南省高校科技创新团队支持计划项目(云教科〔2014〕22号);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-11-03A)。

摘　　要：【目的】明确辣木果腐病的病原菌种类,为该病的有效防控提供依据。【方法】采用常规组织分离法对采自云南西双版纳的辣木果腐病样品进行病原菌分离纯化;将分离物于PDA培养基上26℃恒温培养,观察其形态特征,在显微镜下观察其孢子形态,初步确定其种属;通过致病性测定、ITS序列分析等对病原菌种类进行鉴定。【结果】从感病的辣木果荚样品中分离纯化得到1株疑似致病真菌菌株YJiH-1,显微镜下观察菌株YJiH-1的菌丝、单孢子、孢子囊、孢子梗和孢囊孢子等与已报道的笄霉(Choanephora spp.)高度相似。离体条件下接种菌株YJiH-1后,辣木果荚产生腐烂症状,并在接种发病的果荚病斑上分离到该病菌,符合柯赫氏法则。病原菌rDNA-ITS序列的BLAST同源性比对结果,菌株YJiH-1的rDNA-ITS区序列与印度巴豆瓜笄霉C.8-18菌株(登录号KX462163)和印度CBS 178.86菌株(登录号JN943007)的rDNA-ITS区序列完全一致(相似性100%);与印度番木瓜瓜笄霉CP-5菌株(登录号KX790359)的相似性为99%,进一步确定该致病菌为瓜笄霉(C.cucurbitarum)。【结论】引起云南西双版纳辣木果荚腐烂且表面有白色菌丝体的辣木果腐病病原菌为瓜笄霉(C.cucurbitarum)。【Objective】To identify the pathogen of seed pod rot on Moringa oleifera,and provide theory basis for effective prevention and control on the disease.【Method】The pathogen of diseased seed pods were isolated and purified from samples collected in Xishuangbanna,Yunnan by convention tissue separation.The isolated tissues were cultured on PDA culture under 26℃constant temperature,its morphological characteristics were observed.Its species and genus were preliminarily identified,and its type was identified through pathogenicity test and ITS sequence analysis results.【Result】A suspected pathogen strain YJiH-1 was isolated and purified from the diseased seed pod of M.oleifera,which was highly identical to the morphological characteristics of hypha,monospore,sporangium,spore stem,and sporangiospore with the reported Choanephora spp.Strain YJiH-1 was inoculated to healthy seed pod of M.oleifera in vitro,and the soft and rot symptom could be observed on the inoculated seed pods.Strain YJiH-1 could be re-isolated from the diseased seed pod which conformed to the Koch’s postulates perfectly.According to BLAST homology comparison of pathogen rDNA-ITS sequence,rDNA-ITS nucleotide sequence of strain YJiH-1 shared the highest identity of 100%with the Choanephora cucurbitarum isolates of Indian croton C.8-18(accession No.KX462163)and Indian CBS 178.86(accession No.JN943007),while it had 99%similarity with C.cucurbitarum Indian papaya isolate CP-5(accession No.KX790359).Based on the results of morphological characteristics observation,pathogenicity test and r DNA-ITS sequence analysis of the pathogen isolated from seed pod rot on M.oleifera,the causal agent was identified as C.cucurbitarum.【Conclusion】The pathogen causing seed pod rot of M.oleifera with white mycelium in Xishuangbanna,Yunnan is C.cucurbitarum.

关 键 词：辣木 果腐病 形态特征 致病性测试 RDNA-ITS序列分析 瓜笄霉 

分 类 号：S763.7[农业科学—森林保护学]