论莫言小说中的反讽叙事  

Ironic Narrative in Mo Yan's Novels

作　　者：李昱颖 张学军[2] LI Yuying;ZHANG Xuejun

机构地区：[1]东北大学工商管理学院,辽宁沈阳110169 [2]山东大学文学院,山东济南250100

出　　处：《济南大学学报（社会科学版）》2020年第6期73-84,158,共13页Journal of University of Jinan:Social Science Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“莫言小说叙事学研究”(项目编号:13BZW154)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：在莫言的小说中,修辞反讽较多地表现为政治话语的借用、语言的矛盾和悖谬、刻意营造夸张与失真等方面。将某一特定时期、特定环境的用语移植到另一领域,语境的变化影响了这些特定用语表达本义,话语变得似是而非,产生了反讽的效果。情景反讽,则是设计出复杂的情境,主要表现在叙事主体的设置、多重故事结构的嵌套、对文本的戏仿等等。其中既包含着对形式的探索,也带有对“真伪”的反讽,通过形式表达出意义指向。主题反讽也经常出现在莫言的作品中,对人物遭际命运的揭示,反映出的是莫言对于既有观念的反讽式观照。意象反讽是指意象与其背后的象征意旨存在着悖逆乖离,正是由于这种矛盾的存在,所以能穿透社会假面,形成悖论和反讽的表现形态。In Mo Yan's novels,rhetorical irony is more often manifested in the borrowing of political discourse,language contradictions and paradoxes,and the deliberate creation of exaggerations and distortions.By transplanting terms of a particular period and environment to another field,the change of context affects the original meanings of these particular terms,and the words become specious,thus producing the effect of irony.Situational irony,on the other hand,is the design of complex situations,mainly in the setting of narrative subjects,the nesting of multiple story structures,the parody of the text,and so on.It contains both the exploration of form and the irony of“truth and falsehood”,and expresses the direction of meaning through form.Thematic irony is also common in Mo Yan's works,where the revelation of characters'fates reflects his ironic view of existing ideas.Imagery irony refers to the contradiction between the image and the symbolic meaning behind it,and it is precisely because of this contradiction that it can penetrate through the social mask to form paradoxes and ironic expressions.

关 键 词：莫言小说 修辞反讽 情景反讽 主题反讽 意象反讽 

分 类 号：T06.7[一般工业技术]