现代汉语名词的维度  

Semantic Dimensions of Modern Chinese Nouns in a Cognitive Perspective

作　　者：王红侠[1] 刘磊 WANG Hongxia;LIU Lei(School of Humanities,Changzhou Institute of Technology,Changzhou 213032,China)

机构地区：[1]常州工学院人文学院,江苏常州213000

出　　处：《云南师范大学学报（对外汉语教学与研究版）》2020年第6期62-67,共6页Journal of Yunnan Normal University(Teaching & Studying Chinese as a Foreign Language Edition)

基　　金：认知视角下现代汉语无量名词研究(14YB008)。

摘　　要：汉语里名词所代表的事物是有维度的。名词从典型名词到非典型名词之间的过渡,反映了事物从具体有形的三维空间的个体,到具体有形的二维的平面,再到具体无形的一维的量度,最后到抽象无形的零维的概念或物质的过渡。依据维度的不同可以把名词分为三维名词、二维名词、一维名词和零维名词4个次类。名词的4个次类在句法上有相应的表现:数量名结构中的量词随名词维度的不同而变化,数量名结构中数词是否受限跟名词的维度有关,维度不同的名词构成的数量名结构的功能也不同。另外,量名之间语义搭配关系的形成,源于人们对事物之间相似性和相关性的认知。句法表现是名词归类和名词次类划分的首要特征,而名量组合能力应该是名词词类的次要特征。The things represented by Chinese nouns are dimensional.The conversion from typical nouns to atypical nouns reflects the conversion from the object with a concrete visible three-dimensional space to that with a concrete visible two-dimensional plane,then to that with a concrete invisible one-dimensional amount,and finally to that with a concrete invisible zero-dimensional conception or substance.The Chinese nouns are divided into four categories:three-dimensional nouns,two-dimensional nouns,one-dimensional nouns and zero-dimensional nouns.The four categories are consistent with their syntactic performance:the measure words in the quantifiable noun-phrase structure change with the change in the dimension of nouns,whose numeral is related to the dimension of nouns,and the grammatical function is different from the dimension of quantitative words.The formation of the semantic collocations between Chinese nouns and measure words has originated from the people's understanding of the similarity and correlativity between things.The syntactic performance is the most important feature when classifying nouns,while the collocation competence between nouns and measure words is the second feature.

关 键 词：认知 名词 量词 维度 

分 类 号：H14[语言文字—汉语]