青春期不同阶段宽恕心理发展水平的质性研究  

A Qualitative Research on the Developmental Level of Forgiveness in Different Stages of Adolescence

作　　者：薛艳 XUE Yan(School of Psychology,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210097)

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学心理学院,南京210097

出　　处：《南京师大学报（社会科学版）》2020年第6期75-87,共13页Journal of Nanjing Normal University(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：江苏省社科基金项目“重大突发事件中大学生心理危机预警及教育引导体系的研究”(20JYB015)的研究成果。

摘　　要：本研究以当代青少年青春期宽恕发展的特征为切入点,采用质性研究方法,从认知、情感、行为三个层面对处于青春期三个阶段的35名学生进行深度访谈,了解处于青春期不同阶段的青少年宽恕心理发展的特点和趋势,归纳青少年应对人际冲突时宽恕心理发展变化的特点,研究宽恕对缓解青少年人际冲突产生的影响机制,构建影响因素之间的关系,并揭示干预对宽恕发挥作用的心理机制,进而探讨以宽恕为导向的心理辅导对青少年的作用模式。本研究的主要结论如下:1.青少年宽恕水平随年龄增长而变化,青春后期的青少年宽恕水平最高,青春前期、青春中期的青少年宽恕水平次之。2.宽恕干预在减少青春期人际冲突中具有显著作用。3.青春前期是对青少年实施宽恕干预的最佳时期。4.干预导致了对宽恕内涵的认知变化、对冒犯事件的情感体验变化和处理冒犯与冲突的行为变化。5.影响干预有效性的因素包括他人期待、社会规范、社会与人际和谐。This research focuses on the characteristics of the forgiveness of teenagers.It adopted the qualitative approach to give an in-depth interview with 35 adolescents at different ages from the aspects of cognition,emotion and behavior.The survey aimed at understanding the characteristics and the tendencies of forgiveness of adolescents at different ages;identifying the pattern of change during the development of forgiveness among adolescents;exploring the effects of forgiveness on coping with interpersonal conflicts;establishing relationships among the key influencing factors;revealing the psychological mechanism of how intervention impacts on forgiveness;and discussing the functional pattern of the psychological guidance directed by forgiveness.The study shows:1.The level of forgiveness in adolescents varies with age.Post-adolescents score the highest,while mid-adolescents and pre-adolescents score significantly lower.2.Interventions on forgiveness have shown to be effective in reducing interpersonal conflicts during the adolescence.3.The critical period of intervention on adolescents lies in the stage of pre-adolescence.4.The intervention leads to the change in the adolescents' perception of forgiveness,their emotional experiences of offence,and their behaviors to deal with offense and conflict.5.Factors influencing the effectiveness of intervention include others expectations,social norms,as well as social and interpersonal harmony.

关 键 词：青春期 不同阶段 人际冲突 宽恕发展水平 质性研究 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]