一种钣金件数控激光切割路径的优化改进方法  

An improved optimization method for NC laser cutting path of sheet metal parts

作　　者：李丽[1] 武照云[2] 鱼鹏飞 程洋洋 Li Li;Wu Zhaoyun;Yu Pengfei;Cheng Yangyang(Automobile Engineering Department,Henan Polytechnic,Zhengzhou 450046,China;School of Mechanical&Electrical Engineering,Henan University of Technology,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]河南职业技术学院汽车工程学院,河南郑州450046 [2]河南工业大学机电工程学院,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《锻压技术》2020年第10期41-46,共6页Forging & Stamping Technology

基　　金：河南省高等学校青年骨干教师培养计划项目(2018GGJS224);河南省科技攻关计划项目(192102310447,192102210053);河南省高等学校重点科研项目(19A210009,20B210001);河南工业大学河南省省属高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2016RCJH02)。

摘　　要：针对钣金件数控激光切割路径优化方法存在的不足的问题,以无孔且不共边的钣金件数控激光切割路径优化问题为研究对象,阐述了切割路径优化问题的本质与优化目标。分析了传统算法中串行切割约束规则的缺点,提出了基于交叉切割的零件切割约束规则。在零件轮廓线段离散化处理的基础上,建立了切割路径优化的数学模型,进而将问题转化为零件轮廓线段的顺序选择问题。采用蚁群算法对该问题进行求解计算,给出了算法原理和步骤。最后,通过仿真实验验证了该方法的可行性与有效性。该方法可以有效地提高钣金件数控激光切割的路径优化效果以及加工效率。Considering the deficiencies in the optimization method of NC laser cutting path for sheet metal part,for the NC laser cutting path optimization problem of sheet metal parts without hole and common edge,the essence and optimization goal of cutting path optimization problem were presented. Then,the disadvantage of serial cutting constraint rule in the traditional algorithm was analyzed,and the cutting constraint rule of parts with cross cutting was proposed. Based on the discretization processing of contour lines of parts,the mathematical model of cutting path optimization was established,and the problem was converted into the sequence selection problem of contour lines of parts. Furthermore,the above problem was solved by the ant colony algorithm,and the principle and steps of algorithm were obtained. Finally,the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method were verified by the simulation test,and the path optimization effect and machining efficiency of NC laser cutting for sheet metal parts were effectively improved through this method.

关 键 词：激光切割 路径优化 切割约束规则 蚁群算法 切割工艺 

分 类 号：TP391[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]