从《歧路灯》看清代河南话中的程度副词——兼论其句法分布与标量功能  

The Degree Adverbs in the Henan Dialect of Qing Dynasty from QiLuDeng(《歧路灯》)——Also Discuss their Syntactic Distributions and Scalar Functions

作　　者：徐玮琳 Xu Weilin(Beijing Literature Language and Culture Inheritance Research Base,Beijing Language and Culture University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京语言大学北京文献语言与文化传承研究基地,北京100083

出　　处：《现代语文》2020年第8期44-52,共9页Modern Chinese

基　　金：北京语言大学2020年度中外研究生创新基金项目“清代官话与方言程度副词比较研究”(20YCX002)。

摘　　要：《歧路灯》中共有75个程度副词。就其句法分布而言,主要包括“程度副词+形容词”“程度副词+动词/动词短语”“程度副词+名词”“形容词+程度副词”“动词+程度副词”等五种结构。就其标量功能而言,《歧路灯》中的程度副词可以分为绝对过量级、极高级、次高级、次低级和相对最高级、较高级、比较级、较低级,标示极量、高量、中量和微量。就其扩展形式而言,《歧路灯》程度副词的扩展形式可以充当谓语、定语和宾语等。通过对《歧路灯》和《红楼梦》两部同时期的著作的比较,可以看出,两者程度副词的具体表现和使用频率均存在差异。There are a total of 75 degree adverbs in QiLuDeng(《歧路灯》).In terms of its syntactic distributions,mainly including five types of structures:“degree adverbs+adjectives”,“degree adverbs+verbs/verb phrases”,“degree adverbs+nouns”,“adjectives+degree adverbs”,“verbs+degree adverbs”.As far as its scalar functions is concerned,the adverbs of degree in QiLuDeng(《歧路灯》)can be divided into absolute excess level,extremely high level,sub-high level,sub-low level and relative highest level,higher level,comparative level,and lower level,marking extreme,high,medium and trace amounts.In terms of its extended forms,the extended forms of degree adverbs in QiLuDeng can serve as predicate,attributive and object.In addition,by comparing the two works in the same period of QiLuDeng(《歧路灯》)and HongLouMeng(《红楼梦》),it can be seen that the specific performance and frequency of use of the adverbs of degree are different.

关 键 词：《歧路灯》 程度副词 句法分布 标量功能 扩展形式 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]