脂肪酶底物结合口袋的分子改造策略及进展  

Strategies and Advances in the Molecular Modification of Substrate Binding Pocket of Lipase

作　　者：蔡玉贞 白巧燕 苏敏[1] 唐良华[1] CAI Yu-zhen;BAI Qiao-yan;SU Min;TANG Liang-hua(College of Life Sciences,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350108)

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学生命科学学院,福州350108

出　　处：《生物技术通报》2020年第11期173-179,共7页Biotechnology Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(81072616);福建省自然科学基金面上项目(2017J01442)。

摘　　要：脂肪酶作为重要的酶制剂之一,因其对映选择性、立体选择性和广泛的底物特异性等特性被广泛地运用在工业生产中。为了提高脂肪酶的酶学特性和理化性质、迎合更高的工业需求,除了从酶反应的条件上进行优化,还可对脂肪酶进行分子改造,从根源上提高酶的催化效率。一般常采用半理性设计或理性设计的策略,在底物结合口袋或“盖子”结构附近进行酶分子的改造,以达到改变脂肪酶的底物特异性、立体选择性、对映选择性和区域选择性等目的。对近几十年来关于脂肪酶底物结合口袋的分子改造研究进行了综述,以期为今后的相关研究工作提供研究思路。Lipase is one of the important enzymes and widely used in industrial processes due to its high enantioselectivity,stereoselectivity and broad substrate specificity.In addition to optimize the reaction conditions of lipases,people can also molecularly modify the lipase and essentially improve the catalytic efficiency in order to improve the enzymatic and physicochemical properties of lipase as well as to meet the high industrial demand.Generally,semi-rational design and rational design are often applied in molecular modification of binding pocket or“lid”domain of lipases for changing their substrate specificities,stereoselectivities,enantioselectivities,regioselectivities,etc.In this article,the molecular modification of lipase substrate binding pocket in recent decades is reviewed,aiming at providing some clues for relevant researches in the future.

关 键 词：脂肪酶 底物结合口袋 半理性设计 理性设计 

分 类 号：Q55[生物学—生物化学]